Author: Carl Stalhood

Global Server Load Balancing (GSLB) – NetScaler 10.5

Last Modified: Nov 6, 2020 @ 7:11 am

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This article was written for NetScaler 10.5.

GSLB Planning

GSLB is nothing more than DNS. GSLB is not in the data path. GSLB receives a DNS query and GSLB sends back an IP address, which is exactly how a DNS server works. However, GSLB can do some things that DNS servers can’t do:

  • Don’t give out an IP address unless it is UP (monitoring)
    • If active IP address is down, give out the passive IP address (active/passive)
  • Give out the IP address that is closest to the user (proximity load balancing)
  • Give out different IPs for internal vs external (DNS View)

GSLB is only useful if you have a single DNS name that could resolve to two or more IP addresses. If there’s only one IP address then use normal DNS instead.

Citrix Blog Post Global Server Load Balancing: Part 1 explains how DNS queries work and how GSLB fits in.

Citrix has a good DNS and GSLB Primer.

When configuring GSLB, don’t forget to ask “where is the data?”. For XenApp/XenDesktop, DFS multi-master replication of user profiles is not supported so configure “home” sites for users. More information at Citrix Blog Post XenDesktop, GSLB & DR – Everything you think you know is probably wrong!

GSLB can be enabled both externally and internally. For external GSLB, configure it on the DMZ NetScaler appliances and expose it to the Internet. For internal GSLB, configure it on internal NetScaler appliances. Note: Each NetScaler appliance only has one DNS table so if you try to use one NetScaler for both public and internal then be aware that external users can query for internal GSLB-enabled DNS names.

For internal and external GSLB of the same DNS name on the same appliance, you can use DNS Policies and DNS Views to return different IP addresses depending on where users are connecting from. Citrix CTX130163 How to Configure a GSLB Setup for Internal and External Users Using the Same Host Name.

However, GSLB monitoring applies to the entire GSLB Service so it would take down both internal and external GSLB. If you need different GSLB monitoring for internal and external of the same DNS name, try CNAME:

  • External citrix.company.com:
    • Configure NetScaler GSLB for citrix.company.com.
    • On public DNS, delegate citrix.company.com to the NetScaler DMZ ADNS services.
  • Internal citrix.company.com:
    • Configure NetScaler GSLB for citrixinternal.company.com or something like that.
    • On internal DNS, create CNAME for citrix.company.com to citrixinternal.company.com
    • On internal DNS, delegate citrixinternal.company.com to NetScaler internal ADNS services.

Some IP Addresses are needed on each NetScaler pair:

  • ADNS IP: An IP that will listen for ADNS queries. For external, create a public IP for the ADNS IP and open UDP 53 so Internet-based DNS servers can access it. This can be an existing SNIP on the appliance.
  • GSLB Site IP / MEP IP: A GSLB Site IP that will be used for NetScaler-to-NetScaler communication, which is called MEP or Metric Exchange Protocol. The IP for ADNS can also be used for MEP / GSLB Site.
    • RPC Source IP: RPC traffic is sourced from a SNIP, even if this is different than the GSLB Site IP. It’s less confusing if you use a SNIP as the GSLB Site IP.
    • Public IP: For external GSLB, create public IPs that are NAT’d to the GSLB Site IPs. The same public IP used for ADNS can also be used for MEP. MEP should be routed across the Internet so NetScaler can determine if the remote datacenter has Internet connectivity or not.
    • MEP Port: Open port TCP 3009 between the two NetScaler GSLB Site IPs. Make sure only the NetScalers can access this port on the other NetScaler. Do not allow any other device on the Internet to access this port. This port is encrypted.
    • GSLB Sync Ports: To use GSLB Configuration Sync, open ports TCP 22 and TCP 3008 from the NSIP (management IP) to the remote public IP that is NAT’d to the GSLB Site IP. The GSLB Sync command runs a script in BSD shell and thus NSIP is always the Source IP.
  • DNS Queries: The purpose of GSLB is to resolve a DNS name to one of several potential IP addresses. These IP addresses are usually public IPs that are NAT’d to existing Load Balancing, SSL Offload, Content Switching, or NetScaler Gateway VIPs in each datacenter.
  • IP Summary: In summary, for external GSLB, you will need a minimum of two public IPs in each datacenter:
    • One public IP that is NAT’d to the IP that is used for ADNS and MEP (GSLB Site IP). You only need one IP for ADNS / MEP no matter how many GSLB names are configured. MEP (GSLB Site IP) can be a different IP, if desired.
    • One public IP that is NAT’d to a Load Balancing, SSL Offload, Content Switching, or NetScaler Gateway VIP.
    • If you GSLB-enable multiple DNS names, each DNS name usually resolves to different IPs. This usually means that you will need additional public IPs NAT’d to additional VIPs.

ADNS

  1. Identify a SNIP that you will use for MEP and ADNS.
  2. Configure a public IP for the SNIP and configure firewall rules.
  3. If you wish to use GSLB configuration sync then management access (SSH) must be enabled on this SNIP.
  4. On the left, expand Traffic Management > Load Balancing, and click Services.
  5. On the right, click Add.
  6. Name the service ADNS or similar.
  7. In the IP Address field, enter an appliance SNIP.
  8. In the Protocol field, select ADNS. Then click OK.
  9. Scroll down and click Done.
  10. On the left of the console, expand System, expand Network, and then click IPs.
  11. On the right, you’ll see the SNIP is now marked as the ADNS svc IP. If you don’t see this yet, click the Refresh icon.
  12. Repeat on the other appliance in the other datacenter.
  13. Your NetScaler appliances are now DNS servers.

Metric Exchange Protocol

  1. Open the firewall rules for Metric Exchange Protocol. You can use the same SNIP and same public IP used for ADNS.
  2. On the left, expand Traffic Management, right-click GSLB, and enable the feature.
  3. Expand GSLB, and click Sites.
  4. On the right, click Add.
  5. Add the local site first. Enter a descriptive name and in the Site Type drop-down, select LOCAL.
  6. In the Site IP Address field, enter an appliance SNIP. This SNIP must be in the default Traffic Domain. The NetScaler listens for GSLB MEP traffic on this IP.
  7. For Internet-routed GSLB MEP, in the Public IP Address field, enter the public IP that is NAT’d to the GSLB Site IP (SNIP). For internal GSLB, there is no need to enter anything in the Public IP field. Click Create.
  8. Go back to System > Network > IPs, and verify that the IP is now marked as a GSLB site IP. If you don’t see it yet, click the Refresh button.
  9. If you want to use the GSLB Sync Config feature, then you’ll need to edit the GSLB site IP, and enable Management Access.
  10. Scroll down and enable Management Access. SSH is all you need.
  11. Go to the other appliance and also create the local GSLB site using its GSLB site IP and its public IP that is NAT’d to the GSLB site IP.
  12. In System > Network > IPs on the remote appliance, there should now be a GSLB site IP. This could be a SNIP. If GSLB Sync is desired, enable management access on that IP and ensure SSH is enabled.
  13. Now on each appliance add another GSLB Site, which will be the remote GSLB site.
  14. Enter a descriptive name and select REMOTE as the Site Type.
  15. Enter the other appliance’s actual GSLB Site IP as configured on the appliance. This IP does not need to be reachable.
  16. In the Public IP field, enter the public IP that is NAT’d to the GSLB Site IP on the other appliance. For MEP, TCP 3009 must be open from the local GSLB Site IP to the remote public Site IP. For GSLB sync, TCP 22, and TCP 3008 must be open from the local NSIP to the remote public Site IP. Click Create.
  17. Repeat on the other appliance.
  18. MEP will not function yet since the NetScaler appliances are currently configured to communicate unencrypted on TCP 3011. To fix that, on the left, expand System, expand Network, and click RPC.
  19. On the right, edit the new RPC address (the other site’s GSLB Site IP), and click Edit.
  20. On the bottom, check the box next to Secure, and click OK.
  21. Do the same thing on the other appliance.
  22. If you go back to GSLB > Sites, you should see it as active.

GSLB Services

GSLB Services represent the IP addresses that are returned in DNS Responses. DNS Query = DNS name. DNS Response = IP address.

GSLB should be configured identically on both NetScalers. Since you have no control over which NetScaler will receive the DNS query, you must ensure that both NetScalers are giving out the same DNS responses.

Create the same GSLB Services on both NetScalers:.

  1. Start on the appliance in the primary data center. This appliance should already have a traffic Virtual Server (NetScaler Gateway, Load Balancing, or Content Switching) for the DNS name that you are trying to GSLB enable.
  2. On the left, expand Traffic Management > GSLB, and click Services.
  3. On the right, click Add.
  4. The service name should be similar to the DNS name that you are trying to GSLB. Include the site name in the service name.
  5. Select the LOCAL Site.
  6. On the bottom part, select Virtual Servers, and then select a Virtual Server that is already defined on this appliance. It should automatically fill in the other fields. If you see a message asking if you wish to create a service object, click Yes.
  7. Scroll up and make sure the Service Type is SSL. It’s annoying that NetScaler doesn’t set this drop-down correctly.
  8. The Public IP field contains the actual IP Address that the GSLB ADNS service will hand out. Make sure this Public IP is user accessible. It doesn’t even need to be a NetScaler owned IP.
  9. Scroll down and click OK.
  10. If the GSLB Service IP is a VIP on the local appliance, then GSLB will simply use the state of the local traffic Virtual Server (Load Balancing, Content Switching, or Gateway). If the GSLB Service IP is a VIP on a remote appliance, then GSLB will use MEP to ask the other appliance for the state of the remote traffic Virtual Server. In both cases, there’s no need to bind a monitor to the GSLB Service.
  11. However, you can also bind monitors directly to the GSLB Service. Here are some reasons for doing so:
    • If the GSLB Service IP is a NetScaler-owned traffic VIP, but the monitors bound the traffic Virtual Server are not the same ones you want to use for GSLB. When you bind monitors to the GSLB Services, the monitors bound to the traffic Virtual Server are ignored.
    • If the GSLB Service IP is in a non-default Traffic Domain, then you will need to attach a monitor since GSLB cannot determine the state of Virtual Servers in non-default Traffic Domains.
    • If the GSLB Service IP is not hosted on a NetScaler, then only GSLB Service monitors can determine if the Service IP is up or not.
  12. If you intend to do GSLB active/active and if you need site persistence then you can configure your GSLB Services to use Connection Proxy or HTTP Redirect. See Citrix Blog Post Troubleshooting GSLB Persistence with Fiddler for more details.
  13. Click Done.
  14. On the other datacenter NetScaler, create a GSLB Service.
  15. Select the REMOTE site that is hosting the service.
  16. Since the service is on a different appliance and not this one, you won’t be able to select it using the Virtual Servers option. Instead, select New Server.
  17. For the Server IP, enter the actual VIP configured on the other appliance. This local NetScaler will use GSLB MEP to communicate with the remote NetScaler to find a traffic Virtual Server with this VIP. The remote NetScaler respond if the remote traffic Virtual Server is up or not. The remote Server IP configured here does not need to be directly reachable by this local appliance. If the Server IP is not owned by either NetScaler, then you will need to bind monitors to your GSLB Service.
  18. In the Public IP field, enter the IP address that will be handed out to clients. This is the IP address that users will use to connect to the service. For Public DNS, you enter a Public IP that is usually NAT’d to the traffic VIP. For internal DNS, the Public IP and the Server IP are usually the same.
  19. Scroll up and change the Service Type to match the Virtual Server defined on the other appliance..
  20. Click OK.
  21. Just like the other appliance, you can also configure Site Persistence and GSLB Service Monitors. Click Done when done.
  22. Create more GSLB Services, one for each traffic VIP. GSLB is useless if there’s only one IP address to return. You should have multiple IP addresses (VIPs) through which a web service (e.g. NetScaler Gateway) can be accessed. Each of these VIPs is typically in different datacenters, or on different Internet circuits. The mapping between DNS name and IP addresses is configured in the GSLB vServer, as detailed in the next section.

GSLB Virtual Server

The GSLB Virtual Server is the entity that the DNS name is bound to. GSLB vServer then gives out the IP address of one of the GSLB Services that is bound to it.

Configure the GSLB vServer identically on both appliances:

  1. On the left, expand Traffic Management > GLSB and click Virtual Servers.
  2. On the right, click Add.
  3. Give the GSLB vServer a descriptive name. For active/active, you can name it the same as your DNS name. For active/passive, you will create two GSLB Virtual Servers, one for each datacenter, so include Active or Passive in the Virtual Server name.
  4. Make sure Service Type is set correctly.
  5. If you intend to bind multiple GSLB Services to this GSLB vServer, then you can optionally check the box for Send all “active” service IPs. By default, GSLB only gives out one IP per DNS query. This checkbox always returns all IPs, but the IPs are ordered based on the GSLB Load Balancing Method and/or GSLB Persistence.
  6. Click OK.
  7. On the right, in the Advanced column, click Service.
  8. On the left, click where it says No GSLB Virtual Server to GSLBService Binding.
  9. Click the arrow next to Click to select.
  10. Check the box next to an existing GSLB Service and click OK. If your GSLB is active/passive then only bind one service.
  11. If your GSLB is active/active then bind multiple GSLB Services. Also, you’d probably need to configure GSLB persistence (Source IP or cookies).
  12. Click Bind.
  13. On the right, in the Advanced column, click Domains.
  14. On the left, click where it says No GSLB Virtual Server Domain Binding.
  15. Enter the FQDN that GSLB will resolve.
  16. If this GSLB is active/passive, there are two options:
    • Use the Backup IP field to specify the IP address that will be handed out if the primary NetScaler is inaccessible or if the VIP on the primary appliance is marked down for any reason.
    • Or, create a second GSLB Virtual Server that has the passive GSLB service bound to it. Don’t bind a Domain to the second GSLB Virtual Server. Then edit the Active GSLB Virtual Server and use the Backup Virtual Server section to select the second GSLB Virtual Server.
  17. Click Bind.
  18. If this is active/active GSLB, you can edit the Method section to enable Static Proximity. This assumes the Geo Location database has already been installed on the appliance.
  19. Also for active/active, if you don’t want to use Cookie-based persistence, then you can use the Persistence section to configure Source IP persistence.
  20. Click Done.
  21. If you are configuring active/passive using the backup GSLB Virtual Server method, create a second GSLB Virtual Server that has the passive GSLB service bound to it. Don’t bind a Domain to the second GSLB Virtual Server. Then edit the Active GSLB Virtual Server and use the Backup Virtual Server section to select the second GSLB Virtual Server.

  22. On the left, if you expand Traffic Management > DNS, expand Records, and click Address Records, you’ll see a new DNS record for the GSLB domain you just configured. Notice it is marked as GSLB DOMAIN.

  23. Create identical GSLB Virtual Servers on the other NetScaler appliance. Both NetScalers must be configured identically.
  24. You can also synchronize the GSLB configuration with the remote appliance by going to Traffic Management > GSLB.
  25. On the right, click Sychronize configuration on remote sites.
  26. Use the check boxes on the top, if desired. It’s usually a good idea to Preview the changes before applying them. Then click OK to begin synchronization.

Some notes regarding GSLB Sync:

  • It’s probably more reliable to do it from the CLI by running sync gslb config and one of the config options (e.g. -preview).
  • GSLB Sync runs as a script on the BSD shell and thus always uses the NSIP as the source IP.
  • GSLB Sync connects to the remote GSLB Site IP on TCP 3008 (if RPC is Secure) and TCP 22.

Test GSLB

  1. To test GSLB, simply point nslookup to the ADNS services and submit a DNS query for one of the DNS names bound to a GSLB vServer. Run the query multiple times to make sure you’re getting the response you expect.
  2. Both NetScaler ADNS services should be giving the same response.
  3. To simulate a failure, disable the traffic Virtual Server.
  4. Then the responses should change. Verify on both ADNS services.

  5. Re-enable the traffic Virtual Server, and the responses should return to normal.


DNS Delegation

If you are enabling GSLB for the domain gateway.corp.com, you’ll need to create a delegation at the server that is hosting the corp.com DNS zone. For public GSLB, you need to edit the public DNS zone for corp.com.

DNS Delegation instructions will vary depending on what product host’s the public DNS zone. This section details Microsoft DNS, but it should be similar in BIND or web-based DNS products.

There are two ways to delegate GSLB-enabled DNS names to NetScaler ADNS:

  • Delegate the individual record. For example, delegate gateway.corp.com to the two NetScaler ADNS services (gslb1.corp.com and gslb2.corp.com).
  • Delegate an entire subzone. For example, delegate the subzone gslb.corp.com to the two NetScaler ADNS services. Then create a CNAME record in the parent DNS zone for gateway.corp.com that is aliased to gateway.gslb.corp.com. When DNS queries make it to NetScaler, they will be for gateway.gslb.corp.com and thus gateway.gslb.corp.com needs to be bound to the GSLB Virtual Server instead of gateway.corp.com. For additional delegations, simply create more CNAME records.

This section covers the first method – delegating an individual DNS record:

  1. Run DNS Manager.
  2. First, create Host Records pointing to the ADNS services running on the NetScalers in each data center. These host records for ADNS are used for all GSLB delegations no matter how many GSLB delegations you need to create.
  3. The first Host record is gslb1 (or similar) and should point to the ADNS service (Public IP) on one of the NetScaler appliances.
  4. The second Host record is gslb2 and should point to the ADNS Service (public IP) on the other NetScaler appliance.
  5. If you currently have a host record for the service that you are delegating to GSLB (gateway.corp.com), delete it.
  6. Right-click the parent DNS zone and click New Delegation.
  7. In the Welcome to the New Delegation Wizard page, click Next.
  8. In the Delegated Domain Name page, enter the left part of the DNS record that you are delegating (e.g. gateway). Click Next.
  9. In the Name Servers page, click Add.
  10. This is where you specify gslb1.corp.com and gslb2.corp.com. Enter gslb1.corp.com and click Resolve. Then click OK. If you see a message about the server not being authoritative for the zone, ignore the message.
  11. Then click Add to add the other GSLB ADNS server.
  12. Once both ADNS servers are added to the list, click Next.
  13. In the Completing the New Delegation Wizard page, click Finish.
  14. If you run nslookup against your Microsoft DNS server, it will respond with Non-authoritative answer. That’s because it got the response from NetScaler and not from itself.

That’s all there is to it. Your NetScalers are now DNS servers. For active/passive, the NetScalers will hand out the public IP address of the primary data center. When the primary data center is not accessible, GSLB will hand out the GSLB Service IP bound to the Backup GSLB vServer.

Geo Location Database

If you want to use DNS Policies or Static Proximity GSLB Load Balancing or Responders based on user’s location, import a geo location database. Common free databases are:

For IP2Location, see the blog post Add IP2Location Database as NetScaler’s Location File for instructions on how to import.

For GeoLite Legacy:

  1. Download the GeoLite Country database CSV from http://dev.maxmind.com/geoip/legacy/geolite/.
  2. Note: GeoLite City is actually two files that must be merged as detailed at Citrix Blog Post GeoLite City as NetScaler location database. GeoLite Country doesn’t need any preparation.
  3. Upload the extracted database (.csv file) to the NetScaler appliance at /var/netscaler/locdb.

To import the Geo database:

  1. In the NetScaler GUI, on the left, expand AppExpert, expand Location, and click Static Database (IPv4).
  2. On the right, click Add.
  3. Browse to the location database file.
  4. In the Location Format field, select geoip-country and click Create.
  5. When you open a GSLB Service, the public IP will be translated to a location.

You can use the Geo locations in a DNS Policy, static proximity GSLB Load Balancing, or Responders:

Remote PC

Last Modified: Jan 9, 2025 @ 2:29 am

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Remote PC Catalog

  1. In Citrix Studio, create a Machine Catalog.
  2. In the Introduction page, click Next.
  3. In the Operating System page, select Remote PC Access, and click Next.
  4. In the Machine Accounts page, click Add OUs.
  5. Browse to an OU containing office PCs. Check the box next to Include subfolders, and click OK.
  6. Then click Next.
  7. Name the catalog Remote PC or similar, and then click Finish.
  8. After the Catalog is created, you can Edit Machine Catalog to add more OUs.

  9. Or explicitly add individual machines to the Catalog.

Remote PC Delivery Group

  1. Create a Delivery Group.
  2. In the Introduction page, click Next.
  3. In the Machines page, highlight the Remote PC catalog, and click Next.
  4. Add users that can access the Remote PCs, and then click Next.
  5. In the Desktop Assignment Rules page, adding an entry here will let users connect to unassigned machines. If you don’t add anything here, then users can only connect to machines to which they’ve been explicitly assigned. Click Next.
  6. In the Summary page, enter a name for the Delivery Group, and then click Finish.
  7. Click Yes when prompted that there are no desktops to deliver.

Remote PC Citrix Policy

  • Citrix Policy 2106 and newer have a User Setting (user half of GPO) named Disconnected session timer for Remote PC Access.

    • Make sure you also configure the Disconnected session timer interval.

Multiple Users per PC

Citrix CTX137805 How to Switch Off Remote PC Access Multiple User Assignment in XenDesktop 7.x: By default, when using Remote PC Access in Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops (CVAD), anybody that logs into the console session of the physical PC is automatically assigned to the Catalog machine in Citrix Studio. This can result in multiple users assigned to the same machine. For IT desktop support staff that routinely log into multiple PCs to support them, the IT staff could see many more machines in StoreFront than they intend.

To stop this, on every Delivery Controller, configure the following registry value so only the first user to log on to the machine after it has registered with the Citrix Broker service gets assigned to the machine. You can still manually assign users to machines using Studio or Director.

  • HKLM\Software\Citrix\DesktopServer\
    • AllowMultipleRemotePCAssignments (DWORD) = 0

Wake On LAN

As of CVAD 2012, this SCCM integration feature has been deprecated. The replacement Wake on LAN feature in CVAD 2009 and newer no longer needs SCCM and is configured using PowerShell as detailed at Configure Wake on LAN at Citrix Docs.

If you have SCCM configured for Wake On LAN, you can connect Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops (CVAD) to SCCM to power manage the Remote PC machines.

  1. In Citrix Studio, go to Configuration, right-click Hosting, and click Add Connection and Resources.
  2. In the Connection page, change the selection to Create a new connection.
  3. Change the Connection type to Microsoft Configuration Manager Wake on LAN.
  4. Enter the SCCM server’s FQDN.
  5. Enter SCCM credentials. The SCCM credentials you specify must include collections in the scope, and the Remote Tools Operator role.
  6. Give the Connection a name, and click Next.
  7. In the Summary page, click Finish.
  8. Edit the Remote PC Machine Catalog.
  9. In the Power Management page, change the selection to Yes, and click OK

Install VDA on PC

  1. On the PC, install .NET Framework 4.8 (or newer).
  2. Disable power saving options (e.g. Hibernate, Sleep, etc.)
  3. If Wake on LAN is desired, configure the PC’s BIOS and NIC to enable Wake on LAN.
  4. Download Standalone Single-session OS (aka Desktop OS) installers for Virtual Delivery Agent 2411, Virtual Delivery Agent 2402 LTSR CU1, Virtual Delivery Agent 2203 LTSR CU6, or Virtual Delivery Agent 1912 LTSR CU9.
    1. The standalone VDA installers are in the Components that are on the product ISO but also packaged separately section.
    2. The Single-session OS Core Services VDA is designed specifically for Remote PC and is the smallest installer available.  However, the Core Services installer does not include Profile Management, which means Director cannot show you logon durations.
  5. Remote PC is typically installed on many distributed PCs. Use a software deployment tool to install the VDA package using CLI parameters. See Use the standalone VDA installer at Citrix Docs for more information.
  6. For Teams Redirection and Browser Content Redirection (BCR) in VDA 1912 and older, use the full VDA installer with the /remotepc switch: 
    VDAWorkstationSetup_1912.exe /quiet /remotepc /controllers "xdc01.corp.local xdc02.corp.local" /enable_hdx_ports /noreboot
  7. VDA 2003 and newer support Teams Redirection and Browser Content Redirection (BCR) in the Core Services installer: 
    VDAWorkstationCoreSetup_2407.exe /quiet /controllers "xdc01.corp.local xdc02.corp.local" /enable_hdx_ports /enable_hdx_tls_dtls /noresume /noreboot
    • If you instead use the full VDA installer (VDAWorkstationSetup_2407.exe) in VDA 2206 and newer, see Citrix Docs for the syntax. For example, VDA 2206 and newer require the /remotepc and /physicalmachine switches.
    • /enable_hdx_tls_dtls is for HDX Direct in CVAD 2311 and newer.
  8. CTX256820 When a user connects to his physical VDA using Remote PC Access, the monitor layout order changes.
    1. On the Remote PC machine, in regedit, go to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Citrix\Graphics
    2. Create a DWORD named  UseSDCForLocalModes and set it to 1.
  9. Vrajesh Subrahari at Remote PC Solution Issue – The virtual machine ‘Unknown’ cannot accept additional sessions at Citrix Discussions recommends disabling Fast Boot.
    1. On the Remote PC machine, in regedit, go to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Power\.
    2. Set HiberbootEnabled to 0.
  10. After the machine is rebooted, if the machine is in one of the OUs assigned to the Remote PC Catalog, then the machine will be automatically added to the Catalog and the Delivery Group.
  11. When somebody logs into the console of the machine, that user will be automatically assigned to the machine. You can use the Change User link on the right to change or add users. Multiple users can be assigned to one machine.

  12. When the user logs into StoreFront, the user will see the actual machine name.
  13. In CVAD 2407 and newer, the Machine Allocation page lets you change the machine Display name shown to the user.

    • Or the name displayed in StoreFront can be changed by running Set-BrokerPrivateDesktop MyMachine -PublishedName MyDisplayName.
  14. When viewing machines in Studio or Director, there’s a new column for Desktop Display Name.

Remote PC Maintenance

Assign/Un-assign users – There are four methods of assigning users to desktops:

  • Let Remote PC do it automatically. The first user that logs into the physical machine will be assigned to the desktop. If single user mode is not enabled then all other users that log into the machine will also be assigned to the desktop.
  • In Citrix Studio, find the machine, right-click it, and click Change User.
  • In Director, go to machine details and click Manage Users.
  • Use PowerShell: 
    asnp citrix.*
Remove-BrokerUser -Machine 'CORP\WIN1002' -Name 'CORP\user01'
Add-BrokerUser -Machine 'CORP\WIN1002' -Name 'CORP\user01'

Rename desktop icon – For Remote PC, the icon displayed to the user is the actual machine name. This sometimes is not very intuitive. The name displayed to the user can be changed by running a PowerShell command.

asnp citrix.*
Set-BrokerPrivateDesktop CORP\WIN10002 -PublishedName "Users Desktop"

Display last login time for the machines – Use the following PowerShell to display desktops sorted by when they were last used. Adjust the date filter as desired. You can manually remove the older machines or pipe the results to Remove-BrokerMachine.

asnp citrix.*

Get-BrokerDesktop -CatalogName "Remote PC" -filter {LastConnectionTime -le "2015-02-28"} 
-property AssociatedUserNames,MachineName,LastConnectionTime | Sort-Object LastConnectionTime

The above PowerShell command uses the -filter and -property switches. These switches process the filtering on the server-side, which improves performance.

Horizon View Load Balancing – NetScaler 10.5

Last Modified: Nov 6, 2020 @ 7:11 am

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Use this procedure to load balance Horizon View Connection Servers, Horizon View Security Servers, and/or VMware Access Points.

Overview

A typical Horizon View Installation will have at least six connection servers:

  • Two Internal View Connection Servers – these need to be load balanced on an internal VIP
  • Two DMZ View Security Servers – these need to be load balanced on a DMZ VIP
  • The DMZ View Security Servers are paired with two additional internal View Connection Servers. There is no need to load balance the internal Paired Connection Servers. However, we do need to monitor them.

If you are using Access Points instead of Security Servers then you’ll have the following machines. Server pairing is not necessary.

  • Two Internal View Connection Servers – these need to be load balanced on an internal VIP
  • Two DMZ VMware Access Point appliances – these need to be load balanced on a DMZ VIP

This topic is focused on traditional View Security Servers but could be easily adapted for Access Point appliances. The difference is that with Access Points there are no paired servers and thus there’s no need to monitor the paired servers. The VIP ports are identical for both solutions.

Monitors

Users connect to Horizon View Connection Server, Horizon View Security Server, and Access Point appliances on four ports: TCP 443, TCP 8443, TCP 4172, and UDP 4172. Users will initially connect to port 443 and then be redirected to one of the other ports on the same server initially used for the 443 connection. If one of the ports is down, the entire server should be removed from load balancing. To facilitate this, create a monitor for each of the ports (except UDP 4172).

  1. On the left, expand Traffic Management, expand Load Balancing, and click Monitors.
  2. On the right, click Add.
  3. Name it View-PCOIP or similar.
  4. Change the Type drop-down to TCP.
  5. In the Destination Port field, enter 4172.
  6. Scroll down and click Create.
  7. On the right, click Add.
  8. Name it View-Blast or similar.
  9. Change the Type drop-down to TCP.
  10. In the Destination Port field, enter 8443.
  11. Scroll down and click Create.
  12. On the right, click Add.
  13. Name it View-SSL or similar.
  14. Change the Type drop-down to HTTP-ECV.
  15. In the Destination Port field, enter 443.
  16. Scroll down and check the box next to Secure.
  17. On the Special Parameters tab, in the Send String section, enter GET /broker/xml/
  18. In the Receive String section, enter clientlaunch-default.
  19. Scroll down and click Create.
  20. View Security Servers are paired with View Connection Servers. If the paired View Connection Server is down, then we should probably stop sending users to the corresponding View Security Server. Let’s create a monitor that has a specific IP address in it. Right-click the existing View-SSL or View-SSLAdv monitor and click Add.

  21. Note: this step does not apply to Access Points. Normally a monitor does not have any Destination IP defined, which means it uses the IP address of the service that it is bound to. However, we intend to bind this monitor to the View Security Server but we need it to monitor the paired View Connection Server, which is a different IP address. Type in the IP address of the paired View Connection Server. Then rename the monitor so it includes the View Connection Server name.
  22. Note: this step does not apply to Access Points. Since we are embedding an IP address into the monitor, you have to create a separate monitor for each paired View Connection Server IP.

Servers

Create Server Objects for the DMZ Security Servers and the internal non-paired Connection Servers. Do not create Server Objects for the Paired Connection Servers.

  1. On the left, expand Traffic Management, expand Load Balancing, and click Servers.
  2. On the right, click Add.
  3. Enter a descriptive server name, usually it matches the actual server name.
  4. Enter the IP address of the View Connection Server or View Security Server.
  5. Enter comments to describe the server. Click Create.
  6. Continue adding View Connection Servers or View Security Servers.

Services

If deploying View Security Servers, create Services Objects for the DMZ Security Servers and the internal non-paired Connection Servers. Do not create Services Objects for the Paired Connection Servers.

If deploying Access Points, create Services Objects for the DMZ Access Point appliances and the internal Connection Servers

Each connection server and security server needs separate Service objects. Each Security Server listens on multiple port numbers and thus there will be multiple Services Objects for each Security Server.

For Internal Connection Servers (not the paired servers), load balancing monitoring is very simple:

  • Create services for SSL 443
  • To verify server availability, monitor port TCP 443 on the same server.
  • If tunneling is disabled then internal users connect directly to View Agents and UDP/TCP 4172 and TCP 8443 are not used on Internal Connection Servers. There’s no need to create services and monitors for these ports.

Security Servers and Access Points are more complex:

  • The PCoIP Secure Gateway and HTML Blast Secure Gateway are typically enabled on Security Servers and Access Points but they are not typically enabled on internal Connection Servers.
  • All traffic initially connects on TCP 443. For Security Servers and Access Points, the clients then connect to UDP 4172 or TCP 8443 on the same Security Server. If UDP 4172 or TCP 8443 are down, then you probably want to make sure TCP 443 is also brought down.
  • Each Security Server is paired with an internal Connection Server. If the internal Connection Server is down then the Security Server should be taken down. This does not apply to Access Points.
  • To accommodate these failure scenarios, bind multiple monitors to the View Security Server or Access Point load balancing Services. If any of the monitors fails then NetScaler will no longer forward traffic to 443 on that particular server.

If you have two View Security Servers or Access Points named VSS01 and VSS02, the configuration is summarized as follows (scroll down for detailed configuration):

  • Service = VSS01, Protocol = SSL_BRIDGE, Port = 443
    • Monitors = PCoIP (TCP 4172), SSL (443), and Blast (8443)
    • Monitor = SSL (443) on paired View Connection Server VCS01. This monitor is not needed on Access Points.
  • Service = VSS02, Protocol = SSL_BRIDGE, Port = 443
    • Monitors = PCoIP (TCP 4172), SSL (443), and Blast (8443)
    • Monitor = SSL (443) on paired View Connection Server VCS02. This monitor is not needed on Access Points.
  • Service = VSS01, Protocol = TCP, Port = 4172
    • Monitor = PCoIP (TCP 4172)
  • Service = VSS02, Protocol = TCP, Port = 4172
    • Monitor = PCoIP (TCP 4172)
  • Service = VSS01, Protocol = UDP, Port = 4172
    • Monitor = PCoIP (TCP 4172)
  • Service = VSS02, Protocol = UDP, Port = 4172
    • Monitor = PCoIP (TCP 4172)
  • Service = VSS01, Protocol = SSL_BRIDGE, Port = 8443
    • Monitor = Blast (8443)
  • Service = VSS02, Protocol = SSL_BRIDGE, Port = 8443
    • Monitor = Blast (8443)

If you are not using HTML Blast then you can skip 8443. If you are not using PCoIP Secure Gateway, then you can skip the 4172 ports.

  1. On the left, expand Traffic Management, expand Load Balancing, and click Services.
  2. On the right, click Add.
  3. Give the Service a descriptive name (e.g. svc-VSS01-SSL).
  4. Change the selection to Existing Server and select the View Security Server or internal (non-paired) View Connection Server you created earlier.
  5. Change the Protocol to SSL_BRIDGE and click OK.
  6. On the left, in the Monitors section, click where it says 1 Service to Load Balancing Monitor Binding.
  7. Click Add Binding.
  8. Click the arrow next to Click to select.
  9. Select the View-SSL monitor and click OK.
  10. Then click Bind.
  11. If this is a View Security Server, add monitors for PCoIP and HTML Blast. If any of those services fails, then 443 needs to be marked DOWN.

  12. If this is a View Security Server, also add a monitor that has the IP address of the paired View Connection Server. If the paired View Connection Server is down, then stop sending connections to this View Security Server.
  13. The Last Response should indicate Success. If you bound multiple monitors to the Service, then the member will only be UP if all monitors succeed. There’s a refresh button on the top-right. Click Close when done.
  14. Then click Done.
  15. Right-click the first service and click Add.
  16. Change the name to match the second View Server.
  17. Use the Server drop-down to select to the second View Server.
  18. The remaining configuration is identical to the first server. Click OK.
  19. You will need to configure the monitors again. They will be identical to the first server except for the monitoring of the paired View Connection Server. Click Done when done.

  20. Add another Service for PCoIP on TCP 4172.
    1. Name = svc-VSS01-PCoIPTCP or similar.
    2. Server = Existing Server, select the first View Server.
    3. Protocol = TCP
    4. Port = 4172.
    5. Monitors = View-PCoIP. You can add the other monitors if desired.
  21. Repeat for the 2nd View Security Server.
  22. Add another Service for PCoIP on UDP 4172.
    1. Name = svc-VSS01-PCoIPUDP or similar.
    2. Existing Server = first View Server
    3. Protocol = UDP
    4. Port = 4172.
    5. Monitors = View-PCoIP. You can add the other monitors if desired.
  23. Repeat for the 2nd View Server.
  24. Add another Service for HTML Blast on SSL_BRIDGE 8443.
    1. Name = svc-VSS01-HTMLBlast or similar.
    2. Existing Server = the first View Server
    3. Protocol =
    4. Port = 8443.
    5. Monitors = View-Blast. You can add the other monitors if desired.
  25. Repeat for the 2nd View Server.
  26. The eight services should look something like this:
  27. Repeat these instructions to add the internal (non-paired) View Connection Servers except that you only need to add services for SSL_BRIDGE 443 and only need monitoring for 443.

Load Balancing Virtual Servers

Create separate load balancers for internal and DMZ.

  • Internal load balances the two non-paired Internal View Connections Servers.
  • DMZ load balances the two View Security Servers or Access Point appliances.

The paired View Connection Servers do not need to be load balanced.

For the internal View Connection Servers you only need a load balancer for SSL_BRIDGE 443. If tunneling is disabled then you don’t need load balancers for the other ports (UDP/TCP 4172 and SSL_BRIDGE 8443).

However, tunneling is enabled on the View Security Servers and Access Point appliances so you will need separate load balancers for each port number. Here is a summary of the Virtual Servers:

  • Virtual Server on SSL_BRIDGE 443 – bind both View SSL Services.
  • Virtual Server on UDP 4172 – bind both View PCoIPUDP Services.
  • Virtual Server on TCP 4172 – bind both View PCoIPTCP Services.
  • Virtual Server on SSL_BRIDGE 8443 – bind both View Blast Services.

Do the following to create the Virtual Servers:

  1. On the left, under Traffic Management > Load Balancing, click Virtual Servers.

  2. On the right click Add.
  3. Name it View-SSL-LB or similar.
  4. Change the Protocol to SSL_BRIDGE.
  5. Specify a new internal VIP. This one VIP will be used for all of the Virtual Servers.
  6. Enter 443 as the Port.
  7. Click OK.
  8. On the left, in the Services and Service Groups section, click where it says No Load Balancing Virtual Server Service Binding.
  9. Click the arrow next to Click to select.
  10. Select the two View-SSL Services and click OK.
  11. Click Bind.
  12. Click OK.
  13. Then click Done. Persistency will be configured later.
  14. If this is a View Security Server or Access Point or if tunneling is enabled then create another Load Balancing Virtual Server for PCoIP UDP 4172:
    1. Same VIP as the 443 Load Balancer.
    2. Protocol = UDP, Port = 4172
    3. Services = the PCoIP UDP Services.
  15. If this is a View Security Server or Access Point or if tunneling is enabled then create another Load Balancing Virtual Server for PCoIP TCP 4172:
    1. Same VIP as the 443 Load Balancer.
    2. Protocol = TCP, Port = 4172
    3. Services = the PCoIP TCP Services.
  16. If this is a View Security Server or Access Point or if tunneling is enabled then create another Load Balancing Virtual Server for HTML Blast SSL_BRIDGE 8443:
    1. Same VIP as the 443 Load Balancer.
    2. Protocol = SSL_BRIDGE, Port = 8443
    3. Services = the HTML Blast SSL_BRIDGE Services.
  17. This gives you four Virtual Servers on the same VIP but different protocols and port numbers.

Persistency Group

For Security Servers and Access Point appliances, users will first connect to SSL_BRIDGE 443 and be load balanced. Subsequent connections to the other port numbers must go to the same load balanced server. Create a Persistency Group to facilitate this.

If tunneling is disabled on the internal View Connection Servers then you probably only have one load balancer for those servers and thus you could configure persistence directly on that one load balancer instead of creating a Persistency Group. However, since the View Security Servers have multiple load balancers then you need to bind them together in a Persistency Group.

  1. On the left, under Traffic Management, expand Load Balancing and click Persistency Groups.
  2. On the right, click Add.
  3. Give the Persistency Group a name (e.g. View).
  4. Change the Persistence to SOURCEIP.
  5. Enter a timeout that is equal to or greater than the timeout in View Administrator, which defaults to 10 hours (600 minutes).
  6. In the Virtual Server Name section, click Add.
  7. Move all four View Security Server / Access Point Load Balancing Virtual Servers to the right. Click Create.

Horizon View Configuration

  1. On the View Security Servers (or View Connection Servers), request a certificate that matches the FQDN that resolves to the Load Balancing VIP.
  2. Make sure the private key is exportable.
  3. Set the Friendly Name to vdm and restart the View Security Server services.
  4. In View Administrator, go to View Configuration > Servers.
  5. On the right, switch to the Security Servers tab.
  6. Highlight a server and click Edit.
  7. Change the URLs to the FQDN that resolves to the load balancing VIP.
  8. Change the PCoIP URL to the VIP. For View Security Servers, this is typically a public IP that is NAT’d to the DMZ Load Balancing VIP.

Citrix Policy Settings

Last Modified: Feb 8, 2025 @ 7:59 am

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Change Log

Citrix Policy Settings – GPO Method

Citrix offers two methods of delivering Citrix Policy settings:

  • Citrix Studio – also known as FMA policies
  • Group Policy Object – the Citrix Group Policy Management Plugin installer (included with Studio) adds a Citrix Policy node to the regular Group Policy Editor.

For this page, Citrix Policy refers to policy settings that are provided by Citrix for VDAs. It does not include settings that are native to Microsoft group policies. See the VDA Group Policies articles for more information on the recommended Microsoft group policy settings for a Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops environment.

Citrix Policies can be easily configured in Citrix Studio and stored in the site database. In CVAD 2402 and newer, you can use Citrix Automated Configuration to export policies from one site/farm and import to another.

GPOs linked to an Active Directory OU can apply to VDAs in multiple Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops sites/farms. If you use the GPO method, make sure the GPOs are linked to OUs that contain VDAs.

Citrix Web Studio > Policies has the new single-pane Policy configuration interface. Group Policy > Citrix Policies has the older Policy configuration interface as detailed in the rest of this article.

In Web Studio 2407 and newer, on the Settings page, you can enable Policy sets, which contain multiple policies. Then assign a policy Set to Delivery Groups. Administrator scopes can include Policy Sets. See Citrix Docs.



 

If you ever want to copy the Studio policies to a GPO, run the following PowerShell commands as mentioned at Citrix Discussions:

New-PSDrive -PSProvider CitrixGroupPolicy -Name LocalFarmGpo -Root \ -Controller "MyController"

New-PSDrive -PSProvider CitrixGroupPOlicy -Name TargetGPO -Root \ -DomainGpo "MyGPO"

cd LocalFarmGpo:\User

copy * TargetGPO:\User 

cd LocalFarmGpo:\Computer

copy * TargetGPO:\Computer

Citrix Group Policy Management Plug-in

To configure and deliver Citrix Policy Settings using a group policy object, you must install the Citrix Group Policy Management Plug-in on your group policy editing machine. This plug-in adds the Citrix Policies node to the Group Policy Editor.

Do the following to install the plug-in.

  1. Login to a machine that has the Group Policy Management Console (GPMC) Windows Feature installed.
  2. If this machine doesn’t have Citrix Studio installed, then install the Citrix Group Policy component from the \x64\Citrix Policy folder on the Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops ISO. Make sure all Group Policy consoles are closed first.

  3. Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops (CVAD) 2411 comes with Citrix Group Policy Management 7.43.100.

    1. Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops (CVAD) 2402 LTSR CU2 comes with Citrix Group Policy Management 7.41.2100.28.
    2. Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops (CVAD) 2203 LTSR CU6 comes with Citrix Group Policy Management 7.33.6000.10.
    3. Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops (CVAD) 1912 LTSR CU8 comes with Citrix Group Policy Management 7.24.8000.0.
    4. XenApp/XenDesktop 7.15 LTSR Cumulative Update 9 comes with Citrix Group Policy Management 3.1.9000.0.
  4. Click Finish to finish the wizard.
  5. Citrix releases quarterly updates for this component, so whenever you update your Delivery Controllers, also update your Group Policy editing machines (machines with Group Policy Management Console installed).
  6. Citrix Policies let you use Delivery Groups as a filter. To see the list of Delivery Groups, install the Broker SDK plug-in.

    1. On the CVAD ISO, go to \x64\Citrix Desktop Delivery Controller and run Broker_PowerShellSnapIn_x64.
    2. Check the box next to I accept and click Install.
    3. Close the Group Policy Editor and re-open it. Now you can see the list of Delivery Groups.

Computer Settings

  1. Run Group Policy Management Console.
  2. Edit a GPO that applies computer settings to the VDA machines.
  3. In the GPO, expand Computer Configuration, expand Policies, and click Citrix Policies.
  4. On the right, on the Templates tab, you can create a new policy based on a built-in template. Note: Citrix (Daniel Feller XenDesktop 7.7 and Windows 7) has found that the High Server Scalability template can increase user density by 30%.
  5. On the right, on the Policies tab, you can either edit the Unfiltered policy, or you can create a new policy that is filtered.
  6. Switch to the Settings tab.
  7. Citrix Policies in the Computer Half of the GPO only shows Computer Settings. Later, we’ll configure Citrix Policies in the User Half of the GPO, which has different settings (User Settings).
  8. Some of the setting detailed in this post require newer versions of Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops.
  9. As you edit the policy settings, make note of the Applies to field. Some of the Citrix Policy settings do not apply to Virtual Delivery Agent 7.x.
  10. Also notice that some settings apply to Desktop OS (virtual desktop) or Server OS (Remote Desktop Session Host) but not necessarily both. Read the Applies to section to verify.
  11. Change the Categories drop-down to ICA.
  12. Scroll down and add the setting Virtual channel allow list.

    • In VDA 2109 and newer, the setting Virtual channel allow list is enabled by default, which means that non-Citrix virtual channels, like Zoom and WebEx, won’t work. One option is to disable this setting. Another option is to find the name of the third-party virtual channel and add it to this list as detailed in Citrix Docs. See Citrix Blog Post Virtual channel allow list now enabled by default for a list of virtual channels to add.
    • CVAD 2206 and newer let you enter wildcards in the Virtual channel allow list setting. See Citrix Docs.
    • New Teams VDI Plug-in (SlimCore) requires three custom virtual channels.
  13. CVAD 2311 and newer support HDX Direct for both internal and external connections. HDX Direct automatically installs self-signed certificates on the VDAs. Workspace apps then connect directly to the VDAs without going through ICA Proxy (NetScaler Gateway). For external users, the connections use STUN to traverse NAT. Use Citrix Policy to enable HDX Direct and set the mode to Internal and external. See HDX Direct at Citrix Docs.
  14. Change the Categories drop-down to Auto Client Reconnect.
  15. Click Add next to the setting Auto client reconnect logging.

    • Change the Value to Log auto-reconnect events, and click OK.
  16. Change the Categories drop-down to End User Monitoring.
  17. Click Add next to the setting ICA round trip calculations for idle connections.

    • Change the selection to Enabled and click OK.
  18. Change the Categories drop-down to Graphics.
  19. CVAD 2402 and newer let you enable Allow windows screen lock on Desktop OS.

  20. Change the Categories drop-down to Local App Access.
  21. Click Add next to the setting Allow Local App Access.

  22. Change the Categories drop-down to Printing.
  23. Click Add next to the setting Universal Print Server enable. See Citrix Universal Print Server at Citrix Docs for more info.

    • Change the Value to Enabled with fallback to Windows’ native remote printing. Click OK.
  24. Change the Categories drop-down to Virtual Delivery Agent Settings > Monitoring.
  25. Click Add next to the setting Enable monitoring of application failures.

    • You can optionally change the Value drop-down to Both application errors and faults. Click OK.
  26. Click Add next to the setting Enable monitoring of application failures on Desktop OS VDAs.

  27. Click Add next to the setting Enable process monitoring.  Note: this setting could significantly increase the size of the Monitoring database. See Citrix Blog Post Citrix Director: CPU, Memory Usage and Process Information.

    • Change the setting to Allowed, and click OK. This is the last Computer setting.

User Settings

  1. With the GPO method of configuring Citrix Policies, Citrix Policy settings are split between Computer and User. The remaining settings are User settings. Edit a GPO that applies to Users.
  2. Expand User Configuration, expand Policies, and click Citrix Policies.
  3. On the right, select the Unfiltered policy, and edit it. Or you can create a new policy that is filtered. You can also use the Templates tab to create a policy based on a template.
  4. In CVAD 2012 and newer, in the Search Box, enter Drag and Drop and click Add Value.

    • Drag and Drop is enabled by default. Decide if this is acceptable to your security policies.
  5. In CVAD 2012 and newer, in the Search Box, enter WIA and click Add Value.

    • WIA Redirection is disabled by default. You can enable it if you have applications that use Windows Image Acquisition.
  6. CVAD 2411 adds the setting Virtual channel plugin manager that can push the Microsoft Teams VDI plug-in to Workspace App 2409 and newer when users launch Microsoft Teams using SlimCore mode. See Citrix Docs for details.


  7. On the Settings tab, change the Categories drop-down to Audio.
  8. Click Add next to the setting Audio quality.

    • Workspace app 2109 and newer connecting to CVAD 2109 and newer support Adaptive Audio and no longer need this Audio quality setting.
    • For all older versions of Citrix, change the Value of Audio quality to Medium – optimized for speech, and click OK.
  9. CVAD 2402 and newer support Loss tolerant mode for audio.
  10. Change the Categories drop-down to Client Sensors.
  11. Click Add next to the Allow applications to use the physical location setting.

    • Change the selection to Allowed and click OK.
  12. Change the Categories drop-down to Graphics.
  13. CVAD 2112 and newer allow users to Screen sharing with each other. This setting requires Graphic status indicator to be enabled.
  14. Change the Categories drop-down to Mobile Experience.
  15. Click Add next to the Automatic keyboard display setting.

    • Change the selection to Allowed, and click OK. Note: this setting might break SAP.
  16. Click Add next to the Remote the combo box setting. Note: this setting might break SAP.

    • Change the selection to Allowed, and click OK.
  17. Change the Category drop-down to Multimedia.
  18. Click Add next to the Use GPU for optimizing Windows Media setting.

    • Change the selection to Allowed, and click OK.
  19. Change the Categories drop-down to Printing.
  20. Click Add next to the setting Auto-create PDF Universal Printer.

    • Change the selection to Enabled and click OK.
    • This setting normally only applies to sessions using HTML5 Receiver or HTML5 Workspace app.
    • In Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops (CVAD) 1808 or newer, and Workspace app 1808 or newer, the PDF Universal Printer also applies to regular Workspace app connections and is no longer limited to HTML5 connections.
  21. Click Add next to the setting Automatic installation of in-box printer drivers.

    • Change the selection to Disabled, and click OK.
  22. Click Add next to the setting Direct connections to print servers.

    • Change the selection to Disabled, and click OK.
  23. Click Add next to the setting Printer auto-creation event log preference.

    • Change the Value to Log errors only and click OK.
  24. Click Add next to the setting Universal print driver usage.

    • Change the Value to Use universal printing only.
  25. Workspace app for Mac version 2203 and newer along with VDA 2112 and newer supports PDF printing instead of Postscript printing. With PDF, it’s no longer necessary to install the HP Color LaserJet 2800 Series PS driver on the VDA. Citrix Policy setting Universal driver preference must be adjusted to enable PDF printing as higher priority than PS (postscript) printing. See Citrix Docs for more details.
  26. CVAD 2206 and newer let you set RDSH timers in the user half of a Citrix Policy under the Server Limits category. Citrix Docs says: Timer settings for multi-session machines configured using Citrix policies are expected to override timer settings configured through Microsoft Group Policies. To avoid unexpected behavior, we recommend you configure timer settings using one of the two methods.
  27. Change the Categories drop-down to Session Limits.
  28. If you look at the Applies to text for these settings, notice that they apply to virtual desktops (Desktop OS), but not Remote Desktop Session Hosts (Server OS). Session timeouts for Remote Desktop Session Hosts can be configured in a Microsoft GPO or in the Server Limits section in CVAD 2206 and newer,

  29. Change the Categories drop-down to Time Zone Control.
  30. Click Add next to the setting Use local time of client.

  31. CVAD 1906 has a new policy for Desktop OS only that can revert to the VDA’s original time zone when the user disconnects or logs off. It’s called Restore Desktop OS time zone on session disconnect or logoff.
  32. Change the Categories drop-down to USB Devices.
  33. Click Add next to the setting Client USB device redirection.

    • If your security policies allow it then change the selection to Allowed, and click OK. This is the last generic setting. See the next couple sections for more settings.

Also see:

Citrix Policy Templates

  1. The Citrix Policies node of a GPO (or Citrix Studio) has a Templates tab. Each of these templates has pre-defined settings that you can use as a basis for new policies. Note: Citrix (Daniel Feller XenDesktop 7.7 and Windows 7) has found that the High Server Scalability template can increase user density by 30%.
  2. Citrix Docs Group Policy management template updates for XenApp and XenDesktop contains additional templates that you can download and import.

  3. If you are using a GPO to configure Citrix Policies, be aware that user settings and computer settings are in different parts of the GPO.
  4. If you highlight a template, on the bottom of the window is a Settings tab that lets you see what’s contained in the template.
  5. To use a template, right-click it, and click New Policy.

Framehawk Configuration

As of Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops (CVAD) 1811, Framehawk is a deprecated feature.

In CVAD 1903 and newer, Framehawk has been completely removed.

  1. Framehawk is disabled by default because it uses more bandwidth and more server resources. Citrix recommends only enabling it for users on lossy connections with high bandwidth. More details in the Framehawk Virtual Channel Administrator Guide at Citrix Docs. Also see Framehawk virtual channel at Citrix Docs.
  2. To enable Framehawk, you edit a Citrix Policy, either in Studio or in a GPO. In either case, you need the updated Group Policy Management 2.4 Hotfix 2 or Group Policy Management 2.5 (aka 7.6.300) or newer (e.g. 7.20 included in Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops 1811) on the machine where you are editing the policy.

  3. If configuring a GPO, you’ll find the Framehawk settings in User Configuration > Policies > Citrix Policies. Edit one of the Citrix Policies.
  4. Search for Framehawk, add the Framehawk display channel setting, and Enable it.

  5. Framehawk requires the newest Citrix Workspace app / Receiver (4.3.100 or newer).



  6. To use Framehawk through NetScaler Gateway you need NetScaler firmware 11.0 build 62 or newer.
  7. Then enable DTLS on the Gateway vServer. This is the same process as enabling DTLS for UDP Audio.
  8. Note: there are limitations of Framehawk with NetScaler Gateway. For example, HA, AppFlow, and double-hop are not supported. See NetScaler Gateway support for Framehawk at Citrix Docs.
  9. Framehawk defaults to ports UDP 3224-3324. Open these ports between the NetScaler SNIP and the VDAs.
    1. Also make sure these ports are open on the VDA’s Windows Firewall. VDA 7.8 and newer opens these ports automatically. VDA 7.6.300 and VDA 7.7 do not open these ports automatically.

Graphics Settings (EDT, H.264, ThinWire Plus)

Citrix Tech Zone Design Decision: HDX Graphics Overview

CVAD 2402 adds many new HDX features. See Citrix Blog Post What’s new with HDX in the 2402 LTSR. These features include:

  • TLS 1.3 support for HDX
  • Virtual Channel Allow List supports wildcards and environment variables
  • Enhanced EDT congestion control
  • EDT Lossy
  • Audio traffic using loss-tolerant EDT
  • Graphics using loss-tolerant EDT
  • HDX protocol compression algorithm reduces bandwidth required by up to 15 percent
  • Virtual loopback
  • Version 2 of the Rendezvous protocol is the new default
  • AV1 codec support
  • Automatically adapts the session’s refresh rate to frame rate
  • HEVC 4:4:4 visually lossless
  • Virtual display layout per monitor
  • Audio volume is synchronized between the client device and the VDA
  • Multiple audio devices
  • Multiple webcam resolutions
  • Teams app sharing

Citrix Blog Post What graphics policies do I need, and when? says you should not change any Citrix Policy Graphics Settings. The only exception is 3D workloads, which should have the Visual Quality user setting set to Build to Lossless.

Citrix Blog Post HDX Graphics Encoder Configuration Overview: a comprehensive overview of all relevant HDX Graphics Encoder settings. This overview should give you a guidance and allow you to configure an optimal HDX policy set based on your own needs. A Visio chart with an overview of all relevant configurations and their possible combinations. Furthermore, almost every setting has a review box. The review boxes contain, where applicable, the policy name, facts & figures, recommendations, and example use cases.

In 1811 and newer, Graphics Status Indicator replaces the Lossless Indicator.

  • Graphics Status Indicator can be enabled in a Citrix policy in the user half in the Category named Graphics.
  • The graphics status indicator should eventually show up in the system tray.

7.13 and newer: 7.13 adds a UDP version of HDX/ICA known as Enlightened Data Transport (EDT). EDT improves HDX/ICA performance across WAN links, Internet, etc. In 7.12, EDT was Tech Preview. In Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops (CVAD) and XenApp/XenDesktop 7.13 and  and newer, EDT is officially supported.

EDT (Adaptive Transport) is enabled by default in Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops (CVAD) and XenApp/XenDesktop 7.16 and newer, but it is not enabled by default in XenApp/XenDesktop 7.15 LTSR.

EDT has several requirements:

  • VDA 7.13 or 1808 or newer.
  • UDP 1494 and UDP 2598 must be opened to every VDA, including from the NetScaler SNIP, if you’re using NetScaler Gateway.
  • Receiver for Windows must be 4.7 or newer. Or upgrade to Workspace app.
  • Receiver for Mac must be 12.5 or newer. Or upgrade to Workspace app.
  • StoreFront must be 3.9 or newer.
  • HDX Insight requires NetScaler ADC 12.1 build 49 and newer
  • NetScaler Gateway 11.1 build 51 and newer supports EDT (DTLS). The following NetScaler features are not supported with EDT at this time:
  • Use a Citrix Policy to enable EDT. The HDX Adaptive Transport setting is in the Computer half of a GPO. See Citrix CTX220732 How to Configure HDX Enlightened Data Transport Protocol. EDT (Adaptive Transport) is enabled by default in Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops (CVAD) and XenApp/XenDesktop 7.16 and newer, but it is not enabled by default in XenApp/XenDesktop 7.15 LTSR.
  • Preferred means it will try to use UDP if it can, and TCP if it can’t.
  • EDT MTU Discovery prevents EDT packet fragmentation that might result in performance degradation or failure to establish a session. This feature requires the following:
    • Citrix Workspace app 1911 for Windows or newer
    • Citrix ADC 13.0.52.24 or newer
    • Citrix ADC 12.1.56.22 or newer
    • On VDA 2203 and newer, MtuDiscovery should be enabled by default. In older VDAs, configure it at Key = HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Terminal Server\Wds\icaw
      • Value (DWORD) = MtuDiscovery = 1
  • From inside a session, you can run ctxsession -v to verify that it’s using UDP and see the detected MTU.
  • Director will also show if EDT (UDP) is active. See CTX220730 How to Confirm HDX Enlightened Data Transport Protocol is Active

In 7.13 and newer, the Policy Setting Use hardware encoding for video codec now supports Intel Iris Pro Hardware. Install the Intel Graphics Drivers before installing the VDA. If VDA is already installed, run C:\Program Files\Citrix\ICAService\GfxDisplayTool.exe -vd enable. See Citrix CTX220731 How to Enable Hardware Encoding of H.264 streams using Intel Iris Pro Hardware. 

7.11 and newer:

  • Use video codec for compression can be configured For actively changing regions, which uses H.264 for actively changing regions, and Thinwire Plus for the rest. Users get the benefit of lower bandwidth use for the video content combined with sharpness of text in applications they are working with elsewhere on their screen(s). Nick Rintalan at CUGC Blog Post Citrix HDX Just Got Smarter…Again explains this new setting.
  • In 7.11 and newer, Use when preferred = Thinwire+ with Selective H264. This is the default selection, so generally there’s no need to change this setting.
  • In 7.18 and newer, Selective H.264 uses H.264 for build to lossless instead of JPEG for build to lossless.
  • Use hardware encoding for video codec is enabled by default.

7.9 and newer:

  • The VDA automatically chooses Thinwire Plus or H.264. The setting: User > Graphics > Use video codec for compression defaults to Use video codec when preferred, which prefers Thinwire Plus. To force Thinwire Plus, set it to Do not use video codec. Citrix Blog Post “Use Video Codec for Compression”: to Use or Not to Use? explains this setting.

7.6.300 and newer:

7.0 – 7.6:

Graphics Tools

Security Settings

CTP Dave Bretty Making Your Citrix Policy Secure – By Default.

To improve security, configure these additional Citrix Policy settings.

  • Computer \ ICA \ Secure HDX = Enabled
  • User \ ICA \ Client clipboard redirection = Prohibit
  • User \ ICA \ Desktop launches = Disabled
  • User \ ICA \ Drag and Drop = Disabled (CVAD 2012 and newer)
  • User \ ICA \ Launching of non-published programs = Disabled
  • User \ ICA \ File Redirection \ Allow file transfer between desktop and client = Prohibited (7.6.300 and newer, for HTML5 Client)
  • User \ ICA \ File Redirection \ Auto connect client drives = Disabled
  • User \ ICA \ File Redirection \ Client drive redirection = Prohibited
  • User \ ICA \ File Redirection \ Fixed drives = Disable
  • User \ ICA \ File Redirection \ Client network drives = Prohibit
  • User \ ICA \ File Redirection \ Client removable drives = Prohibit
  • User \ ICA \ Printing \ Client printer redirection = Prohibit
  • User \ ICA \ SecureICA \ SecureICA minimum encryption level = RC5 128 bit
  • User \ ICA \ Session Limits \ Disconnected session timer = Enabled
  • User \ ICA \ Session Limits \ Disconnected session timer internal = 30 minutes
  • User \ ICA \ TWAIN devices \ Client TWAIN device redirection = Prohibit
  • User \ ICA \ USB devices \ Client USB device redirection = Disable
  • User \ ICA \ USB devices \ Client USB device redirection rules = Prohibit
  • User \ ICA \ USB devices \ Client USB Plug and Play device redirection = Prohibit

Citrix’s Common Criteria documentation includes additional recommended Citrix Policy, Group Policy, and other security settings.

 

XenDesktop 7.17 adds a Session Watermark feature.

Find the settings in the user half of a Citrix Policy under the Session Watermark category.

Citrix Blog Post Receiver for HTML5 and Chrome File Transfer Explained:

  • How to use the toolbar to transfer files
  • Citrix Policy settings to enable/disable file transfer
  • VDA registry settings to control file transfer
  • HTML5Client\Configuration.js settings for client-side configuration
  • View HTML5Client log file

Additional clipboard settings were added in XenApp/XenDesktop 7.6 and newer. To see them, set the middle drop-down to All Settings and then search for clipboard. The setting Readonly clipboard does not apply to 7.6 so skip it. Instead, review the three clipboard settings below it. Or you can turn off clipboard altogether by setting Client clipboard redirection to Prohibit.

Under File Redirection is a setting for Read-only client drive access. This allows client drive mapping but prevents files from being copied to the client device.

For VDAs in Legacy Graphics Mode, the following ICA/HDX protocol tuning options should be evaluated to optimize bandwidth consumption and virtual desktop resource utilization:

  • User \ ICA \ Desktop UI \ Desktop Wallpaper = Disable
  • User \ ICA \ Desktop UI \ Menu animation = Disable
  • User \ ICA \ Desktop UI \ View window contents while dragging = Disable
  • User \ ICA \ Multi Stream Connections \ Multi-Stream = Enable (and QoS)
  • User \ ICA \ Printing \ Direct connection to print servers = Disable
  • User \ ICA \ TWAIN devices \ TWAIN Compression Level = High
  • User \ ICA \ Visual Display \ Target Frames per Second = 15
  • User \ ICA \ Visual Display \ Moving Images \ Minimum Image Quality = Low
  • User \ ICA \ Visual Display \ Still Images \ Extra Color Compression = Enabled in very low bandwidth scenarios. Please note that the “Extra Color Compression Threshold” should be configured to an appropriate value.
  • User \ ICA \ Visual Display \ Still Images \ Lossy compression level = High or “Heavyweight compression” in case image quality loss is not acceptable (more CPU intensive)
  • Enable “Windows Media Redirection”
  • Enable “Flash acceleration” with client side content fetching
  • Enable “Audio over UDP Real-Time Transport”. Please note that this configuration requires audio quality to be set to “Medium – optimized for speech”
  • Set “Progressive compression level” to “Low” or any higher value

For more information, please refer to the Citrix Knowledgebase Article CTX131859 – Best Practices and Recommendations for Citrix Receiver 3 and HDX Technology with XenDesktop 5.5.

Group Policy User Settings for VDAs

Last Modified: Oct 23, 2024 @ 3:28 pm

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User Lockdown

The following is a list of Group Policy Settings recommended by Microsoft to lockdown a Remote Desktop Session Host / Citrix Session. These settings should go in the Citrix VDA Non-Admin Users GPO. All settings are located at User Configuration > Policies.

This page assumes the GPOs have already been created and Loopback Processing has already been enabled.

Some of the settings in this section might require the newer Windows Group Policy Templates.

Control Panel GPO Settings

  • User Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates | Control Panel
    • Always open All Control Panel Items when opening Control Panel = enabled
    • Show only specified Control Panel items = enabled, canonical names =
      • Microsoft.RegionAndLanguage
      • Microsoft.NotificationAreaIcons
      • MLCFG32.CPL
      • Microsoft.Personalization
      • Microsoft.Mouse
      • Microsoft.DevicesAndPrinters
      • Microsoft.System (lets users see the computer name)
  • User Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates | Control Panel | Programs
    • Hide the Programs Control Panel = enabled

Settings Page Visibility

The September 2018 patches for Windows 2016 and Windows 10 add control of Settings Page Visibility in both the Computer half of the GPO (applies to all users), and now in the User half of the GPO (can apply to non-admin users).

  1. Make sure the Windows 10 and Windows 2016 VDAs are patched to at least the September 2018 Cumulative Update.
    • For Windows 2016, winver should show OS Build 14393.2515 or higher.
    • For Windows 10 1803, winver should show OS Build 17134.320 or higher.
  2. Go to your \\domain.com\sysvol\domain.com\Policies\PolicyDefinitions and find the file ControlPanel.admx. If it is not dated August 30 or later, then you’ll need to copy the updated version.

    1. On one of these newer VDAs, go to C:\Windows\PolicyDefinitions and copy the file ControlPanel.admx. The September 2018 patch updated this file.
    2. Go to your \\domain.com\sysvol\domain.com\Policies\PolicyDefinitions and paste the .admx file. Overwrite the existing file.
    3. On one of these newer VDAs, go to C:\Windows\PolicyDefinitions\en-US and copy the file ControlPanel.adml.
    4. Go to your \\domain.com\sysvol\domain.com\Policies\PolicyDefinitions\en-US and paste the .adml file. Overwrite the existing file.
  3. Edit the Non-Admin Users GPO.
  4. Go to User Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates | Control Panel.
  5. On the right is Settings Page Visibility.
  6. Winaero How To Hide Settings Pages in Windows 10 describes this new setting. Also see TechNet Hiding pages in Settings with Windows 10 1703. A sample configuration is: showonly:printers;colors. According to Server 2016 & PC Settings/Immersive Control Panel at Citrix Discussions, the maximum length for this field is 255 characters.
  7. When the non-admin user logs into a Windows 10 or Windows Server 2016 VDA that has the September update installed, the Settings pages are restricted based on the GPO configuration. Since this GPO setting is in the user half of the Non-admin users GPO, admins can still see all Settings pages.

Desktop GPO Settings

  • User Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates | Desktop
    • Hide Network Locations icon on desktop = enabled
    • Remove Properties from the Computer icon context menu = enabled
    • Remove Properties from the Recycle Bin icon context menu = enabled

If you prevent access to the Properties of the Computer icon then users might not be able to determine the name of the machine they are connected to.

On Windows Server 2016, screen saver idle time does not work. Arjan Mensch developed a tool to lock the screen after a period of idle time. Launch the tool from a Group Policy login script. Download the tool from Enforcing lock screen after idle time Windows Server 2016 RDS Session Host.

Start Menu and Taskbar GPO Settings

  • User Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates |  Start Menu and Taskbar
    • Clear the recent programs list for new users = enabled
    • Do not allow pinning Store app to the taskbar = enabled
    • Remove and prevent access to Shut Down, Restart, Sleep, and Hibernate commands = enabled
      • In Windows 10 1709, if you want to remove the Power Button, in the VDA, set HKLM\Software\Microsoft\PolicyManager\current\device\Start\HidePowerButton (DWORD) = 1. Source = Power Button Windows 10 VDI at Citrix Discussions.
    • Remove common program groups from Start Menu = enabled (only if you have some other means for putting shortcuts back on the user’s Start Menu/Desktop. Also, enabling this setting might prevent Outlook desktop alerts. Microsoft 3014833)
    • Remove Help menu from Start Menu = enabled (Windows 7 / 2008 R2 only)
    • Remove links and access to Windows Update = enabled
    • Remove Network icon from Start Menu = enabled (Windows 7 / 2008 R2 only)
    • Remove Run menu from Start Menu = enabled (not recommended)
    • Remove the Action Center icon = enabled (not in Windows 10)
    • Remove the networking icon = enabled
    • Remove the People Bar from the taskbar = enabled (Windows 10 1703 and later)
    • Remove the Security and Maintenance icon = enabled (Windows 10)
    • Remove user folder link from Start Menu = enabled (Windows 7 / 2008 R2 only)

If you hide common program groups, then you will need some other method of creating application shortcuts for each user. Group Policy Preferences Shortcuts is the typical method.

Removing the Run menu prevents users from entering UNC paths or drive letters in Internet Explorer.

Start Menu pinned tiles

  • Configure Start Menu pinned tiles as desired
    • Remove Server Manager
    • Remove PowerShell
    • Etc.
  • Use Export-StartLayout to save to an .xml file.
  • Use Import-StartLayout to import to the Default User profile. All new users (new profiles) will get the customized Start Menu layout.

CTP James Rankin Dynamic Start Menu on Server 2016/2019 and Windows 10 using FSLogix App Masking

CTP James Kindon AppMasking The Windows Start Menu using FSLogix

Kasper Johansen The Windows Server 2019 Start Menu Is Playing Nice:

  • Clean up the default Start Menu
  • Use AppLocker to prevent access to Windows Security

CTP James Kindon Windows 10 Start Menu: declutter the default:

  • To eliminate the Start Menu tiles, remove Store apps, and Edge.

CTP James Rankin Management of Start Menu and Tiles on Windows 10 and Server 2016, part #1 contains the following:

  • LayoutModification.xml in Default User Profile
  • Start Screen Layout Group Policy setting
  • Partially-locked layout
  • FSLogix to apply a custom default layout for different user groups on the same device, and allowing users to customize all of it

CTP Eric Haavarstein Customize Windows 10 Start Screen and Optimize for Higher User Density contains the following:

  • Lock down a section of the Start Menu
  • Configure Citrix Profile Management to roam the Start Menu
  • Remove Provisioned Apps
  • Tune Windows using OS Optimization Tool
  • Disable Telemetry services

Microsoft Technet Customize Windows 10 Start with Group Policy.

System GPO Settings

  • User Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates |  System
    • Prevent access to registry editing tools = enabled, Disable regedit from running silently = No
    • Prevent access to the command prompt = enabled, Disable command prompt script processing = No

Disabling registry editing tools also disables reg.exe. This is true even if silently is set to No.

Explorer GPO Settings

  • User Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates |  Windows Components | File Explorer (Windows 8+) or Windows Explorer (Windows 7)
    • Hide these specified drives in My Computer = enabled, Restrict A, B, C, and D drives only
    • Hides the Manage item on the File Explorer context menu = enabled
    • Prevent access to drives from My Computer = enabled, Restrict A, B, C, and D drives only. If this setting is enabled, you can’t use Start Menu’s search to find programs.
    • Prevent users from adding files to the root of their Users Files folder = enabled
    • Remove “Map Network Drive” and “Disconnect Network Drive” = enabled
    • Remove Hardware tab = enabled
    • Remove Security Tab = enabled
    • Turn off caching of thumbnail pictures = enabled

Borders – Windows Server 2019 File Explorer does not show borders around File Explorer. To add borders, see Geir Dybbugt Microsoft Server 2019: No window border/allwhite issue

To hide specific drive letters:

  1. User Configuration => Preferences => Windows Settings => Drive Maps => New Mapped Drive
  2. Choose Action Update => Drive Letter Existing C => Hide this drive
  3. Common Tab: Run in logged-on users’ Security

Windows Update GPO Settings

  • User Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates |  Windows Components | Windows Update
    • Remove access to use all Windows Update features = enabled, 0 – Do not show any notifications

File Explorer

Hide Favorites, Libraries, Network and redirected local drives

Winhelponline Removing “Quick access” from Windows 10 File Explorer details the following registry value to remove Quick Access from File Explorer in Windows 10, or Windows Server 2016 and newer. (h/t Sean Bolding)

  • HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer
    • DWORD value HubMode = 1

Terence Luk Hide Favorites, Libraries, Network and redirected local drives for Citrix and RDS published RemoteApp applications: See the Blog Post for instructions to edit the registry on the VDA to hide these items. Similar instructions are provided by David Wilkinson at Remove Quick Access from File Explorer in Windows Server 2016.



Explorer Notifications

From TenForums How to Hide or Show Sync Provider Notifications within File Explorer in Windows 10: Windows 10 1607 adds notifications inside File Explorer.

To stop these, use Group Policy Preferences to set the following registry value:

  • Key = HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Advanced
    • Value = ShowSyncProviderNotifications (DWORD) = 0

Windows Spotlight

Windows 10 1703 and newer shows suggestions, tips and ads on various parts of Windows (Start Menu, lock screen, Action Center, Explorer, etc.). These notifications are configurable at User Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates | Windows Components | Cloud Content. Also see Richard Hay Windows 10 Creators Update: Turn Off Suggestions, Tips, and Ads Throughout the Operating System and Chris Hoffman How to Disable All of Windows 10’s Built-in Advertising.

Explorer Replacement

Instead of locking down Windows File Explorer, you can run a 3rd party Explorer like Tablacus Explorer. The tool is detailed by Marco Hofmann at Tablacus Explorer is an awesome replacement for explorer.exe as a #XenApp published Application!.

Flickering Icons

If you published a desktop on Windows Server 2016, and if you redirected the Desktop folder to a network share, then desktop icons might flicker. Helge Turk at XenApp 7.12/13, Server 2016 desktop icons flickering at Citrix Discussions resolved it be creating the following Registry Key using Group Policy Preferences:

  • HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE\Classes\CLSID\{031E4825-7B94-4dc3-B131-E946B44C8DD5}

Chrome

Use Chrome Group Policy to push the Chrome plug-in for Citrix’s Browser Content Redirection feature in Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops (CVAD) 1808 and newer.

Chrome 77+ Audio Issue

No Audio on Google Chrome version 77.x and newer inside ICA session.

Newer Google Chrome ADMX templates let you disable the audio sandbox. User Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates | Google | Google Chrome | Allow the audio sandbox to run = Disabled.

Another workaround is to use Group Policy Preferences to deploy the following registry value: (source = CTX261992 Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops: No Audio on Google Chrome version 77.x inside ICA session)

If the new Chrome-based Microsoft Edge consumes 100% CPU, then CTP James Kindon Deploying Brave and Microsoft Edge Dev Browsers in Citrix CVAD environments says a similar registry value is needed for the new Edge.

  • Key = HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\services\CtxUvi
    • Value (String) = UviProcessExcludes = chrome.exe;msedge.exe;

GPO ADMX Templates

  1. Download the Google Chrome ADMX templates from Set Chrome Browser policies on managed PCs.
  2. Extract the .zip file.
  3. Go to the extracted files. In the \policy_templates\windows\admx folder, copy the chrome.admx and google.admx files.
  4. Go to PolicyDefinitions in your SYSVOL (e.g. \\domain.com\sysvol\domain.com\Policies\PolicyDefinitions) and paste the .admx files.
  5. Go back to the extracted Google Chrome templates in the \policy_templates\windows\admx folder and copy the en-US folder.
  6. Go to back to PolicyDefinitions in your SYSVOL and paste the en-US folder. It will add .adml files to the existing en-US folder.

Roam Chrome Settings

You can optionally enable Chrome’s roaming profile support. For details, see Use Chrome Browser with Roaming User Profiles at Google Help.

  1. Edit the Citrix All Users GPO.
  2. Go to User Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates | Google | Google Chrome.
  3. On the right, double-click Enable the creation of roaming copies for Google Chrome profile data and Enable it.

Browser Content Redirection Extension

To force install the Chrome Extension needed for Browser Content Redirection in Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops (CVAD) 1808 and newer:

  1. Edit the Citrix All Users GPO.
  2. Go to User Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates | Google | Google Chrome | Extensions.
  3. On the right, double-click Configure the list of force-installed apps and extensions.
  4. Enable the setting and click Show.
  5. In the box, enter the following text and click OK. 
    hdppkjifljbdpckfajcmlblbchhledln; https://clients2.google.com/service/update2/crx

  6. When a user opens Chrome from inside a VDA, the Citrix Browser Content Redirection Extension is automatically installed.
  7. Configure the Citrix Policy settings detailed at Browser Content Redirection.
  8. Redirection of websites from Chrome requires Workspace app 1809 or newer on the client device.
  9. When you visit a whitelisted (ACL) website, on the client side, you should see HdxBrowserCef.exe processes. These processes come from Workspace app, and does not use Chrome on the client side.

Edge / Internet Explorer Settings

This section assumes the GPOs have already been created.

Edge 

When a new user launches Edge, the first run wizard appears.

To prevent this from occurring, edit the Citrix VDA All Users GPO.

Edge First Run GPO Settings

  • User Config | Policies | Administrative Templates | Windows Components | Microsoft Edge
    • Hide the First-run experience and splash screen = enabled

Internet Explorer First Run Wizard

When a new user launches Internet Explorer, the first run wizard appears.

To prevent this from occurring, edit the Citrix VDA All Users GPO.

Internet Explorer First Run GPO Settings

  • User Config | Policies | Administrative Templates | Windows Components | Internet Explorer
    • Prevent managing SmartScreen Filter = enabled, on
    • Prevent running First Run Wizard = enabled, Go directly to home page
    • Specify default behavior for a new tab page = enabled, Home page
    • Turn on Suggested Sites = disabled
  • User Config | Policies | Administrative Templates | Windows Components | Internet Explorer | Compatibility View
    • Include updated Web site lists from Microsoft  = enabled
  • User Config | Policies | Administrative Templates | Windows Components | Internet Explorer | Internet Control Panel | Advanced Page
    • Turn on Enhanced Protected Mode  = disabled

Enhanced Protected Mode might disable Internet Explorer add-ons. Read the text to determine if it should be disabled.

Users might see a message that Protected mode is turned off for the Local intranet zone.

To prevent this message, do the following:

  1. Edit the Citrix VDA All Users GPO.
  2. Go to User Configuration > Preferences > Windows Settings > Registry.
  3. Create a new Registry Item.
  4. Set the Hive to: HKEY_CURRENT_USER
  5. Set the Key Path to: Software\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\Main
  6. Set the Value name to: NoProtectedModeBanner
  7. Set the Value type to: REG_DWORD
  8. Set the Value data to: 1
  9. Click OK.

IE 11 in Windows 10 1703 and newer has a new button to open Edge.

  • To hide this button, edit a Group Policy that applies to users, go to User Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates | Windows Components | Internet Explorer | Internet Settings | Advanced Settings | Browsing, and enable the setting Hide the button (next to the New Tab button) that opens Microsoft Edge. Source = René Bigler on Twitter.

4SysOps Disable Welcome to Microsoft Edge page and default browser prompt in Windows 10 1607: registry keys and PowerShell script to disable it.

Published Internet Explorer Settings – Runonce

If a user launches Internet Explorer as a published application, then Internet Explorer might not be fully configured and thus some websites won’t work. By default, Windows runs per-user configuration (ActiveSetup) of Internet Explorer only when the user connects to a full desktop, which doesn’t happen when only launching published apps. To override this behavior so it works with published IE even if the user never connects to a full desktop, do the following:

  1. Edit the Citrix VDA All Users GPO.
  2. Go to User Configuration > Policies > Windows Settings > Scripts (Logon/Logoff).
  3. Double-click Logon.
  4. Click Add.
  5. In the Script Name field, enter runonce.exe.
  6. In the Script Parameters field, enter /AlternateShellStartup. Click OK.
  7. Note: running runonce.exe /AlternateShellStartup might cause black borders around windows in published applications.
  8. Runonce.exe /AlternateShellStartup also causes the items in the HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run registry key to be executed when a published app is launched. Consider deleting the items (e.g. VMware Tools icon), or they might keep sessions open after users close their apps. Also see CTX891671 Graceful Logoff from a Published Application Renders the Session in Active State.
  9. An alternative to runonce.exe /AlternateShellStartup is to run the following commands provided by Steve Washburn at Active Receiver connection after app is closed at Citrix Discussions. 
    @echo off
"C:\Windows\System32\rundll32.exe" "C:\Windows\System32\iesetup.dll",IEHardenUser
"C:\Windows\SysWOW64\rundll32.exe" "C:\Windows\SysWOW64\iesetup.dll",IEHardenUser
start "" "C:\Program Files (x86)\Internet Explorer\iexplore.exe"
exit

 

Windows 8.1/2012 R2 might not run the script at logon. Configure the following GPO computer settings to enable the script (configure these in the Citrix VDA Computer Settings GPO):

Logon Script GPO Settings

  • Computer Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates | System | Group Policy
    • Configure Group Policy Caching = disabled. Windows 8.1/2012 R2 setting
    • Configure Logon Script Delay = enabled, 0 minutes. Windows 8.1/2012 R2 setting.
    • Configure User Group Policy loopback processing mode = Enabled, either Merge or Replace depending on the desired result

Internet Explorer Group Policy Preferences

The Internet Explorer Maintenance settings in group policy (User Configuration > Windows Settings > Internet Explorer Maintenance) have been removed in Internet Explorer 10 and Windows Server 2012.

If you run group policy editor on Windows Server 2008 R2 and try to add an Internet Settings object using Group Policy Preferences, notice there is no option to configure Internet Settings for Internet Explorer 9 or Internet Explorer 10.

If you use group policy editor in Windows 8 or Windows 2012, then Internet Explorer 10 is an option.

If you have access to Windows 8/2012, you can add an Internet Settings object for Internet Explorer 10. When configuring a setting, notice the red or green lines (and red or green circles). Only green settings are applied. To change a setting to green, press F6 on your keyboard. To disable a setting, press F7 on your keyboard.

As you look through the tabs, you’ll see a bunch of green items. These green items will be applied and might not be the behavior you expect. To disable all settings on a particular tab, press F8. To turn them back on, press F5.

On the Common tab you can check the box to Apply once and do not reapply.

Internet Explorer Security Zone Configuration

There is a group policy setting at User Config | Policies | Administrative Templates | Windows Components | Internet Explorer | Internet Control Panel | Security Page |  Site to Zone Assignment List that can be used to put Internet sites in Internet Explorer security zones. However, users cannot add their own sites (the user interface in Internet Explorer is grayed out).

This section details an alternative procedure for administrator-configured zones while allowing users to add their own Trusted Sites.

Note: Zones can’t be configured using a Group Policy Preferences Internet Settings object so instead you’ll need to configure registry keys as detailed below.

  1. Run Internet Explorer and configure security zones as desired.
  2. If you are using Workspace Control in Receiver for Web or need pass-through authentication, make sure you add StoreFront as a Local Intranet Site.
  3. Run Group Policy Management Console on the same machine where you have security zones configured.
  4. Edit the Citrix VDA All Users GPO.
  5. Go to User Configuration > Preferences > Windows Settings > Registry and create a new Collection Item. Name it IE Zones or similar.
  6. Right-click the collection and click New > Registry Item.
  7. Click the … button next to Key Path.
  8. Navigate to HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Internet Settings\ZoneMap\Domains. Click the key corresponding to the FQDN you’re adding. Then select the registry value on the bottom that corresponds to the protocol (e.g. * or https). Click Select. Note: 1 indicates Local Intranet zone.
  9. Then click OK. Note: 1 indicates Local Intranet zone.
  10. Feel free to rename the Registry Item to reflect the actual zone.
  11. Repeat these steps for additional zones.

Internet Explorer Home Page

If you don’t have access to Windows 8/2012 group policy editor, configure the default home page using a registry key.

  1. Run Internet Explorer and configure home page as desired.
  2. Run Group Policy Management Console on the same machine where you have the home page configured.
  3. Edit the Citrix VDA All Users GPO.
  4. Go to User Configuration > Preferences > Windows Settings > Registry and create a new Registry Item.
  5. Click the … button next to Key Path.
  6. Navigate to HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\Main. On the bottom, select Start Page. Then click Select.
  7. On the Common tab, you can select Apply once and do not reapply. Then click OK.

Proxy Settings

If you don’t have access to Windows 8/2012 group policy editor, configure Proxy Settings using registry keys. Proxy Settings are stored under HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Internet Settings. Use Group Policy Preferences or similar to distribute the registry keys.

To prevent users from changing proxy settings, also configure the following group policy setting.

  • User Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates | Windows Components | Internet Explorer | Internet Control Panel
    • Disable the Connections page = enabled

Internet Explorer Performance

Julian Mooren at XenApp & Internet Explorer – Improving User Experience details how to enable Tracking Protection in Internet Explorer to reduce XenApp CPU. The procedure uses Group Policy Preferences to set registry keys, and adds a folder to Citrix Profile Management synchronization.

Microsoft 365 Apps / Office 365 / Office 2021 / Office 2019 / Office 2016

Microsoft 365 Apps (aka Office 365) Planning

Microsoft 365 Apps ProPlus is supported on Windows Server 2019.

Microsoft FSLogix can roam Office cache files (e.g. Outlook .ost file) and Search Index. FSLogix is free for most customers.

CTP Marius Sandbu Guide to Deploying Office 365 in RDSH and VDI Enviroment contains:

  • Common best-practices and guidelines
  • Identity Federation and sync
  • Licensing and Roaming
  • Deployment and managing updates
  • Vendors and Office 365 Optimization
  • Skype for Business
  • Teams
  • Outlook
  • OneDrive
  • Group Policy
  • Troubleshooting and general tips for tuning
  • Remote display protocols and when to use when.
  • Server 2019 and Office 365
  • Office 2019 / Office 365 ProPlus

Citrix Implementation Guide Microsoft Office 365 for Citrix XenApp and XenDesktop 7.x contains:

  • Considerations for Outlook Cached Mode
  • Group Policy settings for Outlook Cached Mode
  • For Lync Audio/Video – various options for delivering the Lync client
  • Caveats for OneDrive for Business
  • Licensing – shared computer activation

VMware Best Practices for Delivering Microsoft Office 365 in VMware Horizon 7 contains:

  • Requirements for Using Nonpersistent VDI and RDS with Office 365 ProPlus
  • Using the Office 2016 Deployment Tool to download and install Office
  • Enabling Shared Computer Activation on Nonpersistent VDI and RDS
  • Considerations for Deploying Office 365 ProPlus to a Horizon Environment – OneDrive, Outlook
  • Office Group Policy Settings

Office 2021 / 2019

Office 2021 and Office 2019 are Perpetual version of Office, which means no new features until the next Office LTSC is released.

  • By contrast, Microsoft 365 Apps ProPlus receives new features periodically (every few weeks).

Office 2021 and Office 2019 require volume licenses. See Microsoft Office 2019 Volume License Pack for KMS server or Active Directory activation.

There is no MSI installer for Office 2021 or Office 2019. Instead, you use Office Deployment Tool to download and install the Click-to-run version of Office 2021/2019 Volume License. See Deploy Office LTSC 2021 or Deploy Office 2019 (for IT Pros).

The Office 2021/2019 icons/shortcuts do not say 2021 or 2019 on the end. There’s no year designation.

File > Account shows the version info. As does Apps and Features.

Office Group Policy Templates

Download the Microsoft 365 Apps / Office LTSC 2021 / Office 2019 / Office 2016 group policy templates. The same templates are used for all Office versions 2016 and newer.

Microsoft renamed Office 365 to Microsoft 365 Apps.

Choose the bitness that you installed. The default for Microsoft 365 Apps is x64.

Microsoft 365 Apps, Office 365, Office 2021, Office 2019, Office 2016

  1. Go to the downloaded Microsoft 365 Apps / Office 365 / Office 2021 / Office 2019 / Office 2016 group policy templates and run admintemplates_x64_5077-1000_en-us.exe.
    Note: Office 2016, Office 2019, Office 2021, and Office 365 use the same group policy templates.

  2. Check the box next to Click here to accept and click Continue.
  3. Specify a folder to place the extracted templates in.
  4. Click OK to acknowledge that files extracted successfully.
  5. Go to the folder where you extracted the files, and open the ADMX folder.
  6. Copy all .admx files, and the en-us folder, to the clipboard.
  7. Go to \\domain.com\sysvol\domain.com\Policies\PolicyDefinitions and paste the files.

    • If you do not have PolicyDefinitions in your Sysvol, then instead go to C:\Windows\PolicyDefinitions and paste the files.

Group Policy and Tweaks

This section assumes the Group Policy Objects have already been created.

For Teams, edit the Citrix VDA Computer Settings GPO and enable the Group Policy settings shown below.

Prevent the per-user version of Teams from installing with Office 365 (aka Microsoft 365 apps). Configure this GPO setting before installing Office. Then you can later install the machine-wide version of Teams. More details at Microsoft Docs.

  • Updates – Computer Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates | Microsoft Office 2016 (Machine) | Updates
    • Don’t install Microsoft Teams with new installations or updates of Office = enabled
    • Update Channel – for Microsoft 365 Apps (aka Office 365) only

Edit the Citrix VDA All Users GPO and enable the Group Policy settings shown below. All are located under User Configuration > Policies.

Office 2013 group policy settings are different than the group policy settings for Office 2016, Office 2019, Office 365, and Microsoft 365 Apps. If you want to copy Office 2013 settings to Office 365 / 2019 / 2016 settings, see Microsoft’s Copy-OfficeGPOSettings PowerShell script.

Microsoft 365 Apps, Office 365, Office 2019, and Office 2016 are all version 16.0, thus the same GPO settings work for all of these versions. In Group Policy Editor, the GPO settings are under the Office 2016 folders.

  • Disable Office Telemetry
    • Key = HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Office\Common\ClientTelemetry
      • Value (DWORD) DisableTelemetry = 0xffffffff
  • User Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates | Microsoft Office 2016 | First Run
    • Disable First Run Movie = enabled
    • Disable Office First Run on application boot = enabled
  • User Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates | Microsoft Office 2016 | Global Options |Customize
    • Allow roaming of all user customizations = enabled
  • User Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates | Microsoft Office 2016 | Miscellaneous
    • Block signing into office = enabled, Org ID only  Source = Microsoft Answers
    • Disable Office Animations = enabled
    • Do not use hardware graphics acceleration = enabled (if no GPU)
    • Hide file locations when opening or saving files = enabled, Hide OneDrive Personal
    • Suppress recommended settings dialog = enabled
  • User Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates | Microsoft Office 2016 | Privacy | Trust Center
    • Automatically receive small updates to improve reliability = disabled
    • Disable Opt-in Wizard on first run = enabled
    • Enable Customer Experience Improvement Program = disabled
  • User Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates | Microsoft Office 2016 | Tools | Options | General | Service Options… | Online Content
    • Online Content Options = enabled, Allow Office to connect to the Internet
  • User Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates | Microsoft Outlook 2016 | Account Settings | Exchange
    • Automatically configure profile based on Active Directory Primary SMTP address = enabled
  • User Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates | Microsoft Outlook 2016 | Account Settings | Exchange | Cached Exchange Mode
    • Use Cached Exchange Mode for new and existing Outlook profiles = disabled
    • If you prefer to use Cached Exchange Mode, set the above setting to enabled, and add below: Source = Citrix’s Office 365 Implementation Guide
      • Cached Exchange Mode Sync Settings = enabled, time-window of downloaded content
      • Install FSLogix to assist with roaming of the OST file.
  • User Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates | Microsoft Outlook 2016 | Miscellaneous | PST Settings
    • Default location for PST files = enabled, user’s home directory
  • User Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates | Microsoft Outlook 2016 | Outlook Options | Other | AutoArchive
    • AutoArchive Settings = enabled, uncheck box next to Turn on AutoArchive
  • User Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates | Microsoft Outlook 2016 | Outlook Options | Preferences | Search Options
    • Prevent installation prompts when Windows Desktop Search component is not present = enabled
  • Computer Config | Policies | Administrative Templates | Windows Components | Search |
    • Prevent indexing Microsoft Office Outlook = enabled (see below)

Office Click-to-Run Accept EULA Window

To get rid of the Accept Office License Agreement button/window…

Use Group Policy Preferences to set the following registry values:

  • HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Policies\Microsoft\Office\15.0\Registration
    • AcceptAllEulas (DWORD) = 1
  • HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Policies\Microsoft\Office\16.0\Registration
    • AcceptAllEulas (DWORD) = 1

Office temp file errors

To prevent Office temp file errors:

  • User Configuration | Preferences | Window Settings | Folders | New Folder
    • Action = Create
    • Path = %Localappdata%\Microsoft\Windows\INetCache

Outlook and Windows Search

When launching Outlook, you might see the message “Please wait while Windows configures Microsoft Office 64-bit Components”.

To fix the Outlook search problem, you can either install Windows Search Service (Windows Feature).

Or enable the GPO setting: Computer Config | Policies | Administrative Templates | Windows Components | Search | Prevent indexing Microsoft Office Outlook.

Office VL Activation not working

If Office 2016+ Volume License is not activating correctly, set the following registry value as detailed at Microsoft Office can’t find your license for this application at Citrix Discussions:

  • Key = HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\services\CtxUvi
    • Value = UviProcessExcludes (REG_SZ) = sppsvc.exe

Adobe Reader

Adobe Reader Group Policy

  1. Download the Adobe Reader XI Policy Templates from Reader XI Administrative Template
  2. Copy the .admx file and the en-us folder.
  3. Go to \\domain.com\SYSVOL\domain.com\Policies\PolicyDefinitions and paste the files. If this folder doesn’t exist, go to C:\Windows\PolicyDefinitions instead.
  4. Click Yes when asked to replace files.
  5. Now open a group policy that applies to all Citrix users.
  6. Go to User Configuration > Administrative Templates > Adobe Reader > Preferences > General.
  7. Open the setting Accept EULA and Enable it.
  8. Then open the Display splash screen at launch setting and Disable it.

Disable Repair

In Adobe Reader, users can open the Help menu and click Repair Adobe Reader Installation.

Then users are prompted to reboot. Obviously this is not good. Even non-admins can reboot.

  1. In regedit, navigate to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Wow6432Node\Adobe\Acrobat Reader\11.0\Installer.
  2. Add the DWORD DisableMaintenance and set it to 1.
  3. Now the Repair option is grayed out on the Help menu.

Disable Updates

For Acrobat Reader DC, you must edit the registry to disable Updates. This also works for Adobe Reader XI.

  • HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Wow6432Node\Adobe\Adobe ARM\Legacy\Reader\{AC76BA86-7AD7-1033-7B44-AC0F074E4100}
    • Mode = 0 (disables updates)

 

In Adobe Reader XI, there is a GUI method of disabling updates:

  1. Run Adobe Reader from the Start Menu.
  2. Open the Edit menu and click Preferences.
  3. On the Updater page, change the selection to Do not download or install updates automatically and click OK.

Other Optimizations

Rick van Soest Removing “The Cloud” from Adobe Acrobat Reader DC:

  • To remove tools, delete them from C:\Program Files (x86)\Adobe\Acrobat Reader DC\Reader\AcroApp\ENU
  • To remove the welcome screen, add the following registry dword value: HKLM\Software\Policies\Adobe\Acrobat Reader\DC\FeatureLockDown
    • bUsageMeasurement (REG_DWORD) = 0
  • To remove the “add account” button, HKLM\Software\Policies\Adobe\Acrobat Reader\DC\FeatureLockDown\cSharePoint
    • BDisableSharePointFeatures (REG_WORD) = 1
  • To remove the “Check for update” button, HKLM\Software\Adobe\Acrobat Reader\DC\Installer
    • DisableMaintenance (REG_DWORD) = 1

 

Adobe.com – Citrix Deployments: Before deployment, the product should be configured as needed. In particular, you will want to disable features and behaviors that should not be accessible to end users in an IT-managed environment. For example:

  • The Updater should be disabled as described in this guide and the Preference Reference.
  • Accept the EULA on behalf of all users by setting the appropriate registry key.
  • For multilanguage installations (MUI), set the preferred language for all users via the SUPPRESSLANGSELECTION property or registry settings described in the Preference Reference.
  • Deploy enterprise files to the product’s directories (rather than per-user directories) so they are available to all users.
  • There are over 500 documented settings. Refer to the Preference Reference for complete registry and plist details.

 

Scrolling performance

If scrolling performance is poor in graphic intensive documents, try the following:

  • Go toEdit > Preferences > Rendering.
  • UncheckSmooth line art and Smooth images. Alternatively, you can set these preferences during pre-deployment configuration:
    • HKCU\Software\Adobe\Adobe Acrobat\10.0\Originals\bAntialiasGraphics: 0x00000000
    • HKCU\Software\Adobe\Adobe Acrobat\10.0\Originals\bAntialiasImages: 0x00000000

 

Distiller performance

  • In some environments, Distiller performance may suffer if the messages.log file becomes too large after a number of Distiller operations. Delete this file periodically. It is located at \Application Data\Adobe\Acrobat\Distiller<version>\messages.log.
  • Remove unused fonts from the Windows installation.

Citrix Files

Citrix Files allows you to access your files in ShareFile directly through a mapped drive providing a native Windows Explorer experience. Citrix FIles replaces ShareFile Drive Mapper.

Citrix Files instructions:

To install Citrix Files:

  1. If Citrix ShareFile Drive Mapper is installed, uninstall it. Also see CTX238202 Upgrading from ShareFile Drive Mapper to Citrix Files for Windows.
  2. In VDA 1808 and newer, Citrix Files is bundled with the VDA installer.
  3. Or, download Citrix Files. The downloaded version might be newer than the version included with the VDA installer.
  4. On a VDA, run CitrixFilesForWindows-v.exe.
  5. Check the box next to I agree to the license terms, and click Install.
  6. In the Setup Successful page, click Close.

Session Lingering:

  • Citrix recommends editing your Delivery Group and enabling Application Lingering for a couple minutes so Citrix Files has time to upload files.

To configure Citrix Files:

  1. Go to C:\Program Files\Citrix\Citrix Files\PolicyDefinitions, and copy the file and folder.
  2. Go to \\domain.com\SYSVOL\domain.com\Policies\PolicyDefinitions and paste the files and folder. If this path doesn’t exist, then paste the files in C:\Windows\PolicyDefinitions on your Group Policy editing machines instead.
  3. Edit a GPO that applies to all users.

    1. Go to User Configuration > Policies > Administrative Templates > Citrix Files.
    2. Citrix Files is enabled by default. If you only want some users to use Citrix Files, then you can configure a GPO to disable Citrix Files, and then configure a different GPO that re-enables it. The GPO that enables Citrix Files would be targeted to an AD group, and the GPO would be higher priority than the GPO that disables it. The setting to disable and enable Citrix Files is called Enable Application.
    3. Edit the Account setting.
    4. Enable the setting, and enter your ShareFile URL. Click OK.
    5. The Mount Point settings let you map different parts of Citrix Files to different drive letters.
  4. Edit a GPO that applies to the computers that have Citrix Files installed.

    1. Go to Computer Configuration > Policies > Administrative Templates > Citrix Files.
    2. The default Cache Location is AppData\Local\Citrix\Citrix Files\PartCache.
    3. Default Cache Size is 256 MB.
    4. Delete Cache on Exit is not needed on non-persistent machines, and not needed if the roaming profile cache is deleted on logoff. Make sure the Citrix Files cache is excluded from roaming profiles as detailed later.
    5. Auto Check-out of Office files can be enabled here.
    6. Auto-Update does not apply to Remote Desktop Session Host, so you’ll have to update those machines manually.
    7. Offline Access is enabled (allowed) by default.
    8. Personal Cloud Connectors (e.g. OneDrive) and On-Premises Connectors can be enabled from here.
  5. Edit your Citrix Profile Management GPO.
    1. Go to Computer Configuration > Policies > Administrative Templates > Citrix > Profile Management > File system.
    2. Edit the setting Exclusion list – directories.
    3. Add AppData\Local\Citrix\Citrix Files\ to the list.
  6. If you have on-premises StorageZones Controllers, you can enable Single Sign-on by enabling Windows Authentication. On the StorageZones Controllers, run IIS Manager.

    1. Navigate to Default Web Site > cifs.
    2. In the middle, double-click Authentication.
    3. Right-click Windows Authentication and Enable it. If you don’t see Windows Authentication in your list, you might have to install it using the Roles and Features wizard.
  7. After logging into Citrix and logging into Citrix Files, when you launch File Explorer, you’ll see Citrix Files on the left.
  8. If the Login Window doesn’t appear, the look for the icon in the system tray.

File Type Association

For the official Microsoft method of handling file type associations in Windows 10 and Windows Server 2016, see Windows 10 – How to configure file associations for IT Pros? at TechNet Blogs. This article details DISM, XML, and Group Policy.

Christoph Kolbicz at SetUserFTA: UserChoice Hash defeated – Set File Type Associations per User or Group on Windows 10 and 2016 developed a tool to set specific File Type Associations. No DISM or XML needed.

Also see the following:

Next Steps

Group Policy Computer Settings for VDAs

Last Modified: Nov 3, 2023 @ 1:17 pm

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💡 = Recently Updated

Change Log

Create Group Policy Objects

  1. Within Active Directory Users and Computers (dsa.msc), create a parent Organizational Unit (OU) to hold all VDA computer objects.
  2. Then create sub-OUs, one for each Delivery Group. The VDA computer objects for each Delivery Group should be placed in these sub-OUs. Notes:
    • The only objects that belong in these VDA OUs are the VDA computer accounts.
      • There’s no need to put any user accounts in these VDA OUs since Group Policy Loopback Processing mode will handle user settings.
      • The computer objects for the Citrix brokering infrastructure machines (Controllers, StoreFront, Director, etc.) should go in normal server OUs, and not in the VDA OUs.
    • Separate VDA sub-OUs for each Delivery Group lets you apply different GPO settings to each Delivery Group.
    • Grant Citrix Admins the permission to add computer objects to the VDA OUs.
    • Grant Citrix Admins the permission to link GPOs to the VDA OUs.
    • Master images should be placed in the VDA OUs so the VDA GPO Computer Settings can be burned into the master image. This avoids timing issues when non-persistent machines reboot and GPO settings haven’t applied yet.
  3. Move the VDAs from the Computers container to one of the Delivery Group OUs.
  4. Within Group Policy Management Console (gpmc.msc), create a Group Policy Object (GPO) called Citrix VDA Computer Settings, and link it to one of the Citrix OUs. This particular GPO usually applies to all Delivery Groups, and thus should be linked to the parent OU. Or you can link it to Delivery Group-specific sub-OUs.

  5. On the left, click the new VDA Computer Settings GPO to highlight it.
  6. On the right, switch to the Details tab.
  7. Change the GPO Status drop-down to User configuration settings disabled. This GPO will only contain computer settings.

  8. Create and link two new Citrix-specific GPOs (in addition to the Citrix VDA Computer Settings GPO).
  9. One of the GPOs is called Citrix VDA All Users (including admins), and the other is called Citrix VDA Non-Admin Users (lockdown).


  10. Modify the Details page of both of these GPOs, and set GPO Status to Computer configuration settings disabled. These GPOs will only contain user settings.

  11. On the left, click the Citrix VDA Non-Admin Users GPO to highlight it.
  12. To delegate administration of this GPO to Citrix Admins:
    1. On the right, switch to the Delegation tab, and click Add.
    2. Find your Citrix Admins group, and click OK.
    3. In the Add Group or User window, change the Permissions to Edit settings, and click OK.
  13. To prevent the user lockdown GPO from applying to administrators:
    1. On the Delegation tab, click Advanced.
    2. On the top half, click the Citrix Admins group to highlight it.
    3. Scroll down to reveal the Apply Group Policy row, and then place a check mark in the Deny column.
    4. If desired, you can also deny the GPO to Domain Admins and Enterprise Admins.
    5. Click OK to close the Security Settings window.
    6. Click Yes when asked to continue.
  14. To delegate the other two GPOs, add the Citrix Admins group with Edit Settings permission. But don’t deny Apply Group Policy. The deny entry is only needed on the Lockdown GPO.

Windows Group Policy Templates

The latest Windows 10 or Windows 11 GPO templates includes the GPO settings for Windows Server.

  1. Download the Administrative Templates (.admx) for Windows 10 2022 Update (22H2) or Administrative Templates (.admx) for Windows 11 2023 Update (23H2).

  2. Run the downloaded Administrative Templates (.admx) for Windows.msi file.

  3. In the Welcome to the Administrative Templates (.admx) for Windows Setup Wizard page, click Next.

  4. In the End-User License Agreement page, check the box next to I accept the terms and click Next.
  5. In the Custom Setup page, record the Location field since you’ll need to go there later. Click Next.

  6. In the Ready to install Administrative Templates (.admx) for Windows page, click Next.
  7. In the Completed the Administrative Templates (.admx) for Windows Setup Wizard page, click Close.

  8. In File Explorer, go to C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Group Policy\Windows 11 October 2023 Update (23H2) or C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Group Policy\Windows 10 October 2022 Update (22H2).
  9. Copy the PolicyDefinitions folder.
  10. Go to your domain’s sysvol (e.g., \\corp.local\sysvol) and in the corp.local\Policies folder, paste the PolicyDefinitions folder. If you don’t have this folder, then you can create it. Or copy the files to C:\Windows\PolicyDefinitions as detailed next.

    • If prompted, replace the existing files.
  11. If your Sysvol does not have a PolicyDefinitions folder, then instead go to C:\Windows\ and paste the folder. Overwrite the existing files.

See Group Policy Settings Reference Spreadsheet for Windows 11 2023 Update (23H2) for a spreadsheet containing all GPO settings in Windows.

The spreadsheet can be filtered to only show the newest settings.

Microsoft Edge (Chromium)

Download and install Microsoft Edge for Business on your VDA machines or Horizon Agent machines.

Installation and Configuration instructions can be found at Kasper Johansen Microsoft Edge in Citrix – Revamped. The article details group policies for Edge.

Avanite Roaming Edge Chromium details the folders that should be roamed by Citrix Profile Management (UPM) or VMware Dynamic Environment Manager (DEM).

Microsoft Teams

Prevent the per-user version of Teams from installing with Office 365 (aka Microsoft 365 apps). Configure this GPO setting before installing Office. Then you can later install the machine-wide version of Teams. More details at Microsoft Docs.

This setting requires the latest Office GPO templates to be installed.

  • Edit a GPO that contains Computer Settings.
  • Updates – Computer Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates | Microsoft Office 2016 (Machine) | Updates
    • Don’t install Microsoft Teams with new installations or updates of Office = enabled

Prevent Microsoft Teams from starting automatically after installation. Set this GPO setting before you install Teams. This setting requires the latest Office GPO templates to be installed.

  • Edit a GPO that contains User Settings. These User Settings probably won’t apply unless you enable Group Policy Loopback Processing in a computer settings GPO.
  • Teams – User Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates | Microsoft Teams
    • Prevent Microsoft Teams from starting automatically after installation = enabled

Install Teams using the machine-based installer. See Manuel Winkel Install Teams & OneDrive in Citrix (Machine-Based) and CTP James Rankin Microsoft Teams on Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops, part #1 – installing the damned thing.

  • The Machine-wide installer does not update itself. You must periodically download the latest version, uninstall the Machine-wide installer, and install the latest version.

Microsoft recommends excluding the Media-Stack folder from roaming. Add the exclusion for AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Teams\media-stack\ to Citrix Profile Management’s Exclusion List – Directories setting.

If your VDAs don’t have GPUs, then disable GPU in Teams to reduce CPU. Citrix has a PowerShell script that can disable this setting for each user. Also see:

Microsoft FSLogix

If you need to roam the user’s Outlook .OST file (Outlook Cached Mode), Outlook Search Index, OneDrive cache, OneNote data, SharePoint data, Skype data, and/or Teams data, then download, install, and configure Microsoft FSLogix. FSLogix has more Office roaming features than Citrix Profile Management. A common architecture is to enable FSLogix Office Container for the Office cache files and use Citrix Profile Management for all other roaming profile files and registry keys.

Microsoft FSLogix is free for all Microsoft RDS CALs, Microsoft Virtual Desktop Access per-user CALs, and all Microsoft Enterprise E3/E5 per-user licenses. Notice that per-device licenses are excluded. See Licensing Requirements at Microsoft Docs.

G0-EUC tested FSLogix Profile Container (not Office Container) and found that it reduces capacity by 27%. (source = The impact of managing user profiles with FSLogix)

Do the following to install Microsoft FSLogix on the VDA machine:

  1. Go to https://aka.ms/fslogix_download.
  2. Extract the downloaded .zip file.
  3. In the FSLogix \x64\Release folder, run FSLogixAppsSetup.exe.
  4. Check the box next to I agree to the license terms and conditions and click Install.
  5. In the Setup Successful page, click Restart.

FSLogix is configured through Group Policy or by editing registry values on each FSLogix Agent machine. Here is some info on group policy configuration:

  1. The FSLogix .zip file contains fslogix.admx and fslogix.adml files for configuration of FSLogix through Group Policy. Copy these files to your PolicyDefinitions folder. The .adml file goes in the en-US folder.

  2. Find the settings in Group Policy Editor at Computer Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates | FSLogix
  3. Note that FSLogix 2210 Hotfix 2 (2.9.8612.60056) and newer have a different group policy structure than older versions.
  4. The ODFC Containers node controls Office Containers only. The Profile Containers node lets you capture the entire profile and not just Office. You can also configure both as detailed at FAQ: How to use Office 365 Containers and Profile Containers together. Citrix environments typically combine FSLogix Office Containers with Citrix Profile Management. VMware Horizon environments typically use FSLogix Profile Container to replace DEM Personalization.
  5. You’ll need a file share with appropriate permissions to store the Office containers or Profile Containers.
  6. Set Volume Type to VHDX.
  7. The .vhdx files are thin provisioned and can grow up to the maximum Size in MBs, which defaults to 30 GB. Newer versions of FSLogix let you increase this size later.
  8. Under Container and Directory Naming enable the setting Flip Flop Profile Directory Name.
  9. For Office Containers, back in the ODFC Containers node, review each of the Include settings and enable whichever data you want to include in the Office Container. More details at Configure ODFC Container at Microsoft Docs.
  10. Since an FSLogix Container can only be mounted on one machine, consider setting Prevent login with failure. This causes the user to see a window if the container is already mounted and the user will have to call the help desk to clear the other session.
  11. FSLogix 2210 and newer automatically compact .vhdx files when they have free space. It’s enabled by default and is configurable on the left, directly under the FSLogix node. On the right, configure the VHD Compact Disk setting. 
  12. In a Group Policy that applies to Citrix users, you might want to configure Cached Exchange Mode Sync Settings to reduce the size of the .ost files. You’ll need to install the Office GPO templates if you haven’t already. Then find the setting at User Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates | Microsoft Outlook 2016 (also applies to 365 and 2019) | Account Settings | Exchange | Cached Exchange Mode.

Other FSLogix Configurations and Links

Full Profile Container (not just Office):

OneDrive ADMX Template

See CTP James Rankin Managing OneDrive on Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops 💡

Microsoft has a per-machine installation of the OneDrive sync client. To reduce the size of your roaming profiles, the per-machine install is strongly recommended over the normal per-user install of OneDrive.

To enable Files-on-demand, you’ll need the OneDrive ADMX Template.

  1. Go to a Windows 10 1709 or Windows Server 2019 or newer machine that has OneDrive installed.
  2. If machine-wide installation, go to C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft OneDrive.
    • If per-user installation, go to %localappdata%\Microsoft\OneDrive.
  3. Double-click the latest version.
  4. Then open the adm folder.
  5. Right-click the OneDrive.admx file and copy it.
  6. If your domain has PolicyDefinitions in SYSVOL (\\corp.local\sysvol\corp.local\Policies\PolicyDefinitions), paste the .admx file there.

    • If you don’t have SysVol PolicyDefinitions, then go to C:\Windows\PolicyDefinitions and paste the .admx file.
  7. Go back to the OneDrive files and copy OneDrive.adml.
  8. If your domain has a PolicyDefinitions central store in SYSVOL, paste the .adml file to the en-us folder in PolicyDefinitions in SYSVOL. en-US is a subfolder of the PolicyDefinitions folder.

    • If you don’t have SysVol PolicyDefinitions,, then go to C:\Windows\PolicyDefinitions\en-US and paste the .adml file. en-US is a subfolder of the PolicyDefinitions folder.

Group Policy Computer Settings

Edit the Citrix VDA Computer Settings GPO and enable the settings shown below. All settings are located under Computer Configuration > Policies.

Some of the settings in this section might require the newer Windows Group Policy Templates.

Process tracking for Director

  • Audit Policy – Computer Configuration | Policies | Windows Settings | Security Settings | Local Policies | Audit Policy

Idle Time to Lock Session

  • Security Options – Computer Configuration | Policies | Windows Settings | Security Settings | Local Policies | Security Options
    • Interactive logon: Machine inactivity limit – Windows 8/2012 and newer – published desktops only – seconds of idle time before session locks

Control Panel

Teams

Prevent the per-user version of Teams from installing with Office 365 (aka Microsoft 365 apps). Configure this GPO setting before installing Office. Then you can later install the machine-wide version of Teams. More details at Microsoft Docs.

This setting requires the Office GPO templates to be installed.

  • Updates – Computer Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates | Microsoft Office 2016 (Machine) | Updates
    • Don’t install Microsoft Teams with new installations or updates of Office = enabled

Network

OneDrive Files-on-demand

For Windows 10 1709 and newer or Windows Server 2019 and newer. Make sure the OneDrive .admx file is installed first.

  • OneDrive – Computer Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates | OneDrive
    • Use OneDrive Files On-Demand = enabled

Verbose Messages

  • System – Computer Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates | System
    • Display highly detailed status messages = enabled. Windows 10. Shows what’s happening during logon.

Group Policy Settings

  • Group Policy – Computer Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates | System | Group Policy
    • Configure Group Policy Caching = disabled. Windows 8.1/2012 R2 and newer setting
    • Configure Logon Script Delay = enabled, 0 minutes. Windows 8.1/2012 R2 and newer setting.
    • Configure User Group Policy loopback processing mode = Enabled, either Merge or Replace depending on the desired result

User Group Policy loopback processing mode changes in Windows Server 2008 R2. Make sure the VDA computer accounts have Read access to the loopback user GPOs, even if those GPOs only contain user settings.

Logon Settings

To get rid of the Windows 10 “we’re happy you’re here” message:

  • Logon – Computer Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates | System | Logon
    • Show first sign-in animation = disabled
    • Show clear logon background = enabled – for Win10 1903 and newer – source = Citrix Discussions

DelayedDesktopSwitchTimeout. Create a Group Policy Preferences Registry Item (Computer Configuration | Preferences | Windows Settings | Registry) to set HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System\DelayedDesktopSwitchTimeout (REG_DWORD) = 2. On Windows 10, this might cause the desktop to appear sooner. (Source = VMware Communities)

Power Settings

The following are more applicable to virtual desktops than session hosts:

  • Hard Disk Settings – Computer Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates | System | Power Management | Hard Disk Settings
    • Turn Off the hard disk (plugged in) = enabled, 0 seconds
  • Sleep Settings – Computer Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates | System | Power Management | Sleep Settings
    • Specify the system hibernate timeout (plugged in) = enabled, 0 seconds
    • Specify the system sleep timeout (plugged in) = enabled, 0 seconds
    • Turn off hybrid sleep (plugged in) = enabled, 0 seconds
  • Video and Display Settings – Computer Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates | System | Power Management | Video and Display Settings
    • Turn off the display (plugged in) = enabled, 0 seconds

Remote Assistance Settings

Configure the following so you can shadow users using Director:

  • Remote Assistance – Computer Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates | System | Remote Assistance
    • Configure Solicited Remote Assistance = disabled
    • Configure Offer Remote Assistance = enabled, specify the Help Desk and Administrator groups that can offer remote assistance

User Profiles Settings

  • User Profiles – Computer Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates | System | User Profiles
    • Add the Administrators security group to roaming user profiles = enabled
    • Delete cached copies of roaming profiles = enabled (only enable on persistent session hosts)
    • Do not check for user ownership of Roaming Profile Folders = enabled
    • Set maximum wait time for the network if a user has a roaming user profile or remote home directory = enabled, 0 seconds

Cloud Content

  • Cloud Content – Computer Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates | Windows Components | Cloud Content   (Windows 10 1511 and newer)

File Explorer Settings

Citrix CTX203658 Start Menu Icons Set to Default (Blank Document) After Update to Receiver 4.3.100 – Windows 8 and newer

  • File Explorer – Computer Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates | Windows Components | File Explorer
    • Allow the use of remote paths in file shortcut icons = enabled

Event Viewer Settings

If you are using Provisioning Services, it might be desirable to move the event logs to a persistent cache disk. This allows you to review the event logs even after the Target Device reboots. Use Group Policy Preferences to create the folder on the cache disk.

  • Application – Computer Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates | Windows Components | Event Log Service | Application
    • Control the location of the log file = enabled, D:\EventLogs\Application.evtx
  • Security – Computer Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates | Windows Components | Event Log Service | Security
    • Control the location of the log file = enabled, D:\EventLogs\Security.evtx
  • System – Computer Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates | Windows Components | Event Log Service | System
    • Control the location of the log file = enabled, D:\EventLogs\System.evtx
  • Folder – Computer Configuration | Preferences | Folder
    • Action = update
    • Path = D:\EventLogs

Microsoft Account – Windows 10 (1703 and newer)

  • Microsoft account – Computer Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates | Windows Components | Microsoft account
    • Block all consumer Microsoft account user authentication = Enabled

OneDrive Settings – Windows 10

  • OneDrive – Computer Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates | Windows Components | OneDrive
    • Prevent the usage of OneDrive for file storage = enabled

Remote Desktop Services Settings

  • Connections – Computer Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates | Windows Components | Remote Desktop Services | Remote Desktop Session Host | Connections
  • Device and Resource Redirection – Computer Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates | Windows Components | Remote Desktop Services | Remote Desktop Session Host | Device and Resource Redirection
    • Allow time zone redirection = enabled
    • Do not allow smart card device redirection = enabled
  • Licensing – Computer Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates | Windows Components | Remote Desktop Services | Remote Desktop Session Host | Licensing
    • Set the Remote Desktop license mode = enabled, Per User
    • Use the specified Remote Desktop license servers = enabled, your RDS Licensing Servers (e.g. the XenDesktop Controllers)
  • Remote Session Environment – Computer Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates | Windows Components | Remote Desktop Services | Remote Desktop Session Host | Remote Session Environment
  • Security – Computer Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates | Windows Components | Remote Desktop Services | Remote Desktop Session Host | Security
    • Always prompt for password upon connection = disabled (to override other GPOs where it might be enabled)
  • Session Time Limits – Computer Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates | Windows Components | Remote Desktop Services | Remote Desktop Session Host | Session Time Limits
    • Set a time limit for active but idle Terminal Services sessions = enabled, 3 hours or similar
    • Set time limit for disconnected sessions = enabled, 3 hours or similar
    • CVAD 2206 and newer also let you set RDSH timers in the user half of a Citrix Policy under the Server Limits category. Citrix Docs says: Timer settings for multi-session machines configured using Citrix policies are expected to override timer settings configured through Microsoft Group Policies. To avoid unexpected behavior, we recommend you configure timer settings using one of the two methods.

Search Settings – Windows 8.1 / 2012 R2, Windows 10

  • Search – Computer Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates | Windows Components | Search
    • Allow Cortana = disabled (Windows 10)
    • Don’t search the web or display web results in search = enabled
    • Additional search settings can be found here

Store Settings – Windows 8.1 / 2012 R2, Windows 10

Windows Update Settings

  • Windows Update – Computer Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates |  Windows Components | Windows Update
    • Allow non-administrators to receive update notifications = disabled
  • Windows Update for Business – Computer Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates |  Windows Components | Windows Update | Windows Update for Business
    • Select when Preview Builds and Feature Updates are received = Enabled, Semi-Annual Channel, 365 day deferral

Additional Settings

Windows 10 group policy settings for controlling Internet connectivity and Privacy Settings can be found at Microsoft Technet Manage connections from Windows operating system components to Microsoft services.

James Rankin Five tips for dealing with Windows 10 telemetry: disable Modern apps, disable Cortana, disable services, block DNS domains.

After modifying the GPO, use Group Policy Management Console to update the VDA machines.

Or run the command gpupdate /force. Or wait 90 minutes.

Citrix Receiver

If you want pass-through authentication for the Citrix Receiver that is installed on your VDAs, use receiver.admx to enable pass-through authentication.

  1. See the instructions at https://www.carlstalhood.com/receiver-for-windows/#admx to copy the receiver.admx file to PolicyDefinitions.
  2. Edit the Citrix Computer Settings GPO.
  3. Go to Computer Configuration > Policies > Administrative Templates > Citrix Components > Citrix Receiver > User Authentication. On the right, open Local user name and password.
  4. Enable the setting.
  5. Check the top two boxes and click OK.

 

Next Steps

Group Policy Objects – VDA User Settings

Catalogs, Delivery Groups, Zones

Last Modified: Dec 5, 2024 @ 3:12 am

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Change Log

 Persistent vs Non-persistent

VDA design – One of the tasks of a Citrix Architect is VDA design. There are many considerations, including the following:

  • Machine type – single user (virtual desktop), or multi-user (Remote Desktop Session Host). RDSH is more hardware efficient.
  • Machine operating system – Windows 7, Windows 10, Windows Server 2008 R2, Windows Server 2012 R2, Windows Server 2016
  • Machine persistence – persistent, non-persistent
  • Number of new machines – concurrent vs named-users
  • Machine provisioning – full clones, Machine Creation Services (MCS), Citrix Provisioning
  • Hardware for the new machines – hypervisor clusters, storage
  • How the machines are updated – SCCM, MCS, Citrix Provisioning etc.
  • Application integration – locally installed, App-V, Layering, Virtual Apps or XenApp published, leave on local endpoint machine, cloud apps, etc.
  • User Profiles – roaming, mandatory, home directories
  • Group Policies – session lockdown, automation
  • Disaster Recovery – replication. VDAs running in a warm site. DR for profiles and home directories too.

Desktop Management in a Citrix environment – Some environments try to use Citrix to improve desktop management. Here are some desktop management aspects of Citrix that aren’t possible with distributed physical desktops:

  • Datacenter network speeds – The VDAs have high speed connectivity to the desktop management tools, which eliminates WAN bandwidth as a desktop management consideration. For example, you can use Microsoft App-V to stream apps to VDAs. And SCCM deployments have much greater success rates than PCs that are frequently offline.
  • Non-persistence – Non-persistent VDAs revert at every reboot. To update non-persistent VDAs, simply update your master image, and push it out.
  • Layering – The VDA VMs can be composed of multiple layers that are combined during machine boot, or when the user logs in. Citrix App Layering is an example of this technology. A single layer can be shared by multiple VDAs. The layers are updated once, and all machines using the layer receive the updated layer at next boot/login.
  • See the Reddit thread Citrix at scale.

Non-persistent VDAs – Probably the easiest of these desktop-management technologies is non-persistence. That’s because you install your applications once into a master image, and you can easily create a pool of identical machines based on that master image. Whenever an update is needed, you install the update once into your master image and push it out.

However, there are several drawbacks to non-persistence:

  • Multiple Master Images – it’s extremely rare for there to only be one master image. You’ll probably have a number of master images, each with different application sets. The more master images you have, the more effort is required to maintain them.
    • Same apps in multiple images – Some apps are common to multiple images. For example, Office and Adobe Reader. How do you update these common apps identically on multiple master images?
    • Multi-datacenter – how do you perform the same master image updates in multiple datacenters? Replicate the master images? Perform the same change multiple times?
    • Automation – You’ll need new automation for managing the multiple master images and updating Catalogs. Automation complicates the simple management you were hoping to achieve.
  • Master Images must be designed – Which apps go on which master image? Do you install the same app on multiple master images?
    • How do you know which apps a user needs? – Most Citrix admins, and even desktop teams, don’t know every app that a user needs. You can use tools like Liquidware Labs or Lakeside Software to discover app usage, but it’s a very complicated process to find commonality across multiple users.
    • How are One-off apps handled? – If you have an app used by only a small number of users, do you add it to one of your master images? Do you create a new master image? Do you publish it from Virtual Apps or XenApp (double hop)? Do you stream it using App-V? Layering is another option.
    • Application Licensing – for licensed apps, do you install the licensed app into the master image and try to hide it from non-licensed users? Or do you create a new master image for the licensed users?
    • Patching multiple images – when a new OS patch needs to be deployed, you have to update every master image running that OS version. Thus Citrix admins usually try to limit the number of master images, which makes image design more complicated.
    • How do you manage an app that is installed on multiple master images? – Layering might help with this.
  • Who manages the master images? – Citrix admins? Desktop team? It’s unlikely that traditional desktop management will ever be completely removed from an enterprise environment, which means that master image management is an additional task that was not performed before. Does the Citrix admin team have the staff to take on this responsibility? Would the desktop management team be willing to perform this new process?
    • Politically feasible? – Large enterprises usually have mature desktop management practices. Would this new process interfere with existing desktop management requirements?
    • Responsibility – if the Citrix admins are not maintaining the master images, and if a Catalog update causes user problems, who is responsible?
    • Compliance – template machines usually go through a security and licensing compliance process. If the Citrix team is managing the master images, who checks them for compliance?
    • RDSH Apps are complicated – who is responsible for integrating apps into Remote Desktop Session Host (Virtual Apps or XenApp)? Does the desktop team have the skills to perform the additional RDSH testing?
  • Change Control – Longer Deployment Times – Any change to a master image would affect every machine/user using that image, thus dev/QA testing is recommended for every change, which slows down app update deployment. And once a change is made to the master, it doesn’t take effect until the user’s VDA is rebooted.
  • Roaming Profiles – some apps (e.g. Office) save user settings in user profiles. Since the machines are non-persistent, the profiles would be lost on every reboot unless roaming profiles are implemented. This adds a dependency on roaming profile configuration, and the roaming profile file share.
    • How is the Outlook OST file handled? – With Cloud Hosted Exchange, for best performance, Outlook needs to run in Cached Exchange mode, which creates a large OST file in the user’s profile.
      • OST files are large (multiple gigabytes). One option is to use group policy to minimize the size of the OST file.
      • How is the large OST file roamed? If you leave the OST in the default location, then the OST is copied back and forth every time the user logs on and logs off. You usually want to put the OST file on a file share, or in a mounted VHDX file that is stored on a file share.
      • Search indexes are rebuilt every time the user starts a new session. This takes time and performance.
      • Citrix Profile Management 7.18 has an Outlook OST and Search roaming capability.
      • Another option is to purchase a 3rd party OST handling product like FSLogix.
  • IT Applications (e.g. antivirus) on non-persistent machines – Many IT apps (antivirus, asset mgmt, security, etc.) have special instructions to work on non-persistent machines. Search the vendor’s knowledgebase for “VDI”, “non-persistent”, “Citrix”, etc.
    • Antivirus in particular has a huge impact on VDA performance. The special antivirus instructions for non-persistent VDAs are in addition to normal antivirus configuration.
  • Local Host Cache does not easily support non-persistent virtual desktops – if the Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops (CVAD) SQL database is down, and if users need to connect to non-persistent random desktops, then Local Host Cache won’t help you. It’s not possible to connect to non-persistent virtual desktops until the Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops (CVAD) SQL database connection is recovered.

Application Integration Technologies – Additional technologies can be used to overcome some of the drawbacks of non-persistent machines:

  • Microsoft App-V – this technology can dynamically stream apps to a non-persistent image. Different users get different apps. And the apps run in isolated bubbles. However:
    • App-V is an additional infrastructure that must be built and maintained.
    • App-V requires additional skills for the people packaging the apps, and the people troubleshooting the apps.
    • Since the apps are isolated, app interaction is configured manually.
    • Because of application isolation, not every app can run in App-V. Maybe 60-80% of apps might work. How do you handle apps that don’t work?
  • Layering – each application is a different layer (VHD file). The layering tool combines multiple layers into a single unified image. Layers are updated in one place, and all images using the layer are updated, which solves the issue of a single app in multiple images. Layering does not use application isolation, so almost 100% of apps should work with layering. Layers can be mounted dynamically based on who’s logging in. There’s also a persistent user layer that lets users install apps, or admins can install one-off apps. Citrix has an App Layering feature. Notes:
    • Citrix App Layering is a separate infrastructure that must be built and maintained.
    • Somebody has to create the layers. This is an additional task on top of normal desktop management packaging duties.
    • It takes time to update a layer and publish it to multiple images.
      • Citrix App Layering captures the OS Layer. So OS patches are handled by Citrix App Layering. It takes time to push an OS security update to every image based on the same OS Layer.
      • Other Layering products don’t capture the OS Layer. As a result, they can’t achieve 100% app compatibility like Citrix App Layering can.
    • With Layers, it’s very easy to remove a layer from an image. There’s no need to completely rebuild an image because one app is corrupted.
    • Citrix’s App Layering does not have a supported API, so you can’t automate it.

Persistent virtual desktops – Another method of building VDAs is by creating full clone virtual desktops that are persistent. Each virtual desktop is managed separately using traditional desktop management tools. If your storage is an All Flash Array with inline deduplication and compression, then full-clone, persistent virtual desktops probably take no more disk space than non-persistent linked clones. Here are some advantages of full-clone, persistent virtual desktops as opposed to non-persistent VDAs:

  • Skills and Processes – No new skills to learn. No new desktop management processes. Use existing desktop management tools (e.g. SCCM). The existing desktop management team can manage the persistent virtual desktops, which reduces the workload of the Citrix admins. Just treat the persistent virtual desktops like that are more PCs.
    • The persistent virtual desktops are usually powered on and in the datacenter, thus improving the success rate of package deployment.
    • However, pushing a package to many desktops at once can result in a “patch storm”, which reduces performance while the patches are being installed.
  • One-off applications – If a user needs a one-off application, simply install it on the user’s persistent desktop. The application can be user-installed, SCCM self-service installed, or administrator installed.
  • User Profile – Outlook’s OST file is no longer a concern since the user’s profile persists on the user’s virtual desktop. It’s not necessary to implement roaming profiles when using persistent virtual desktops. If you want a process to move a user profile from one persistent virtual desktop to another, how do you do it on physical desktops today?
  • API integration – a self-service portal can use VMware PowerCLI and Citrix’s PowerShell SDK to automatically create a new persistent virtual desktop for a user. Chargeback can also be implemented.
  • Offline Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops (CVAD) SQL Database – if the Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops (CVAD) SQL database is not reachable, then Citrix Local Host Cache can still broker sessions to persistent virtual desktops that have already been assigned to users. This is not possible with non-persistent virtual desktops.

Concurrent vs Named User – one advantage of non-persistent virtual desktops is that you only need enough virtual desktops to handle the concurrent user load. With persistent virtual desktops, you need a separate machine for each named user, whether that user is using it or not.

Disaster Recovery – for non-persistent VDAs, one option is to replicate the master images to the DR site, and then create a Catalog of machines either before the disaster, or after. If before the disaster, the VDAs will already be running and ready for connections; however, the master images must be maintained separately in each datacenter.

Persistent virtual desktops have several disaster recovery options:

  • Immediately after the disaster, instruct the persistent users to connect to a pool of non-persistent machines.
  • In the DR site, create new persistent virtual desktops for the users. Users would then need to use SCCM or similar to reinstall their apps. Scripts can be used to backup the user’s profile and restore it on the DR desktops. This method is probably closest to how recovery is performed on physical desktops.
  • The persistent virtual desktops can be replicated and recovered in the DR site. When the machines are added to Citrix Studio in DR, each recovered machine needs to be assigned to specific users. This process is usually scripted.

Zones

Caveats – Zones let you stretch a single Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops (CVAD) site/farm across multiple datacenters. However, note these caveats:

  • Studio – If all Delivery Controllers in the Primary Zone are down, then you can’t manage the farm/site. This is true even if SQL is up, and Delivery Controllers are available in Satellite Zones. It’s possible to designate an existing zone as the Primary Zone by running Set-ConfigSite -PrimaryZone <Zone>, where <Zone> can be name, UID, or a Zone object.
  • Version/Upgrade – All Delivery Controllers in the site/farm must be the same version. During an upgrade, you must upgrade every Delivery Controller in every zone.
  • Offline database – There’s Local Host Cache (LHC). However, the LHC in 7.12 and newer has limitations: no non-persistent desktops (dirty desktops are an option), maximum of 5,000 VDAs per zone (10,000 per zone, 40K per site, in 7.14 and newer), has issues if Delivery Controller is rebooted, etc. Review the Docs article for details.
  • Complexity – Zones do not reduce the number of servers that need to be built. And they increase complexity when configuring items in Citrix Studio.
  • Zone Preference – to choose a VDA in a particular zone, your load balancer needs to include a special HTTP header (X-Citrix-ZonePreference) that indicates the zone name.

The alternative to zones is to build a separate site/farm in each datacenter and use StoreFront to aggregate the published icons. Here are benefits of multiple sites/farms as compared to zones:

  • Isolation – Each datacenter is isolated. If one datacenter is down, it does not affect any other datacenter.
  • Versioning – Isolation lets you upgrade one datacenter before upgrading other datacenters. For example, you can test upgrades in a DR site before upgrading production.
  • SQL High Availability – since each datacenter is a separate farm/site with separate databases, there is no need to stretch SQL across datacenters.
  • Home Sites – StoreFront can prioritize different farms/sites for different user groups. No special HTTP header required.

Citrix Consulting recommends separate Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops (CVAD) sites/farms in each datacenter instead of using zones. See Citrix Blog Post XenApp 7.15 LTSR – Now Target Platform for Epic Hyperspace!.

Here are some general design suggestions for Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops (CVAD) in multiple datacenters:

  • For multiple central datacenters, build a separate Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops (CVAD) site/farm in each datacenter. Use StoreFront to aggregate the icons from all farms. Use NetScaler GSLB to distribute users to StoreFront. This provides maximum flexibility with minimal dependencies across datacenters.
  • For branch office datacenters, zones with Local Host Cache (7.12 and newer) is an option. Or each branch office can be a separate farm.

Create Zones – This section details how to create zones and put resources in those zones. In 7.9 and older, there’s no way to select a zone when connecting. In 7.11 and newer, NetScaler and StoreFront can now specify a zone and VDAs from that zone will be chosen. See Zone Preference for details.

Citrix Links:

There is no SQL in Satellite zones. Instead, Controllers in Satellite zones connect to SQL in Primary zone. Here are tested requirements for remote SQL connectivity. You can also set HKLM\Software\Citrix\DesktopServer\ThrottledRequestAddressMaxConcurrentTransactions to throttle launches at the Satellite zone.

From Mayunk Jain: “I guess we can summarize the guidance from this post as follows: the best practice guidance has been to recommend a datacenter for each continental area. A typical intra-continental latency is about 45ms. As these numbers show, in those conditions the system can handle 10,000 session launch requests in just under 20 minutes, at a concurrency rate of 36 requests.”

The following items can be moved into a satellite zone:

  • Controllers – always leave two Controllers in the Primary zone. Add one or two Controllers to the Satellite zone.
  • Hosting Connections – e.g. for vCenter in the satellite zone.
  • Catalogs – any VDAs in satellite catalogs automatically register with Controllers in the same zone.
  • NetScaler Gateway – requires StoreFront that understands zones (not available yet). StoreFront should be in satellite zone.

Do the following to create a zone and move items into the zone:

  1. In Citrix Studio 7.7 or newer, expand the Configuration node, and click Zones.
  2. Right-click Zones and click Create Zone.
  3. Give the zone a name. Note: Citrix supports a maximum of 10 zones.
  4. You can select objects for moving into the zone now, or just click Save.
  5. Select multiple objects, right-click them, and click Move Item.
  6. Select the new Satellite zone and click Yes.
  7. To assign users to the new zone, create a Delivery Group that contains machines from a Catalog that’s in the new zone.
  8. If your farm has multiple zones, when creating a hosting connection, you’ll be prompted to select a zone.
  9. If your farm has multiple zones, when creating a Manual catalog, you’ll be prompted to select a zone.
  10. MCS catalogs are put in a zone based on the zone assigned to the Hosting Connection.
  11. The Citrix Provisioning Citrix Virtual Desktops Setup Wizard ignores zones so you’ll have to move the Citrix Provisioning Machine Catalog manually.
  12. New Controllers are always added to the Primary zone. Move it manually.

Zone Preference

Zone Preference, which means NetScaler and StoreFront can request Delivery Controller to provide a VDA in a specific zone.

Citrix Blog Post Zone Preference Internals details three methods of zone preference: Application Zone, User Zone, and NetScaler Zone.


To configure zone preference:

  1. Create separate Catalogs in separate zones, and add the machines to a single Delivery Group.
  2. You can add users to one zone by right-clicking the zone, and clicking Add Users to Zone. If there are no available VDAs in that preferred zone, then VDAs are chosen from any other zone.
  3. Note: a user can only belong to one home zone.
  4. You can delete users from a zone, or move users to a different zone.
  5. If you edit the Delivery Group, on the Users page, you can specify that Sessions must launch in a user’s home zone. If there are no VDAs in the user’s home zone, then the launch fails.
  6. For published apps, on the Zone page, you can configure it to ignore the user’s home zone.
  7. You can also configure a published app with a preferred zone, and force it to only use VDAs in that zone. If you don’t check the box, and if no VDAs are available in the preferred zone, then VDAs can be selected from any other zone.
  8. Or you can Add Applications to Zone, which allows you to add multiple Applications at once.

  9. NetScaler can specify the desired zone by inserting the X-Citrix-ZonePreference header into the HTTP request to the StoreFront 3.7 server. This header can contain up to 3 zones. The first Zone in the header is the preferred Zone, and the next 2 are randomised such as EMEA,US,APAC or EMEA,APAC,US. StoreFront 3.7 will then forward the zone names to Delivery Controller 7.11, which will select a VDA in the desired zone. This functionality can be combined with GSLB as detailed in the 29 page document Global Server Load Balancing (GSLB) Powered Zone Preference. Note: only StoreFront 3.7 and newer will send the zone name to the Delivery Controller.
  10. Delivery Controller entries in StoreFront can be split into different entries for different zones. Create a separate Delivery Controller entry for each zone, and associate a zone name with each. StoreFront uses the X-Citrix-ZonePreference header to select the Delivery Controller entry so the XML request is sent to the Controllers in the same zone. HDX Optimal Gateways can also be associated to zoned Delivery Controller entries. See The difference between a farm and a zone when defining optimal gateway mappings for a store at Citrix Docs.
  11. Citrix Blog Post Zone Preference Internals indicates that there’s a preference order to zone selection. The preference order can be changed.
    1. Application’s Zone
    2. User’s Home Zone
    3. The Zone specified by NetScaler in the X-Citrix-ZonePreference HTTP header sent to StoreFront.

Machine Creation Services (MCS)

MCS – Machine Profile

CVAD 2402 and newer support selecting a Machine Profile when creating a MCS Catalog on vSphere. MCS copies the VM specification (e.g., TPM) from the Machine Profile to the new MCS machines.

  1. Create a VM with your desired specs (e.g., TPM) and then Convert to Template. It must be a Template and not a VM.
  2. When creating a Catalog, on the Image page, there’s an option to Use a machine profile. Select the template.

MCS – Image Management

CVAD 2402 and newer have an MCS Image Management feature that lets you prepare your images prior to pushing them to your Catalogs.

  1. Make sure your gold image VMs have MCS storage optimization (MCSIO) installed.
  2. Take a snapshot of the gold image VM. The MCS Image Management feature will not create snapshots for you. When naming your snapshot, include the name of the gold image and version info (e.g. date).
  3. In Web Studio, on the left, click Images. On the right, click Create Image Definition.
  4. In the Introduction page, click Next.
  5. In the Image Definition page, choose the Session type and click Next.
  6. In the Image page, select a Hosting Resource. Select a master image snapshot. Select a VM template to use as the machine profile. If you don’t select a machine profile here, then you can’t select one later when creating the Catalog. Click Next.
  7. The Machine Specifications are copied from the machine profile. Click Next.
  8. The NICs are copied from the machine profile. Click Next.
  9. In Version Description, enter a description. Each Image Definition will have multiple Image Versions. Each Image Version is a different snapshot of the master image. Describe the Version accordingly.
  10. In the Summary page, click Finish.
  11. The gold image snapshot is copied to the target datastore as a baseDisk.
  12. You can then use the completed Image Version to create or update a Catalog. This happens very quickly because the image has already been prepared.
  13. The Machine Catalog wizard shows you the Prepared Image Version and the Machine Profile.
  14. You can add Image Versions to the existing Image Definition.
  15. To update a Catalog, right-click the Catalog and click Change Prepared Image.
  16. Select a new version of the image and then finish the wizard like normal.
  17. If you select the Catalog, in the bottom, you can select the tab named Template Properties to see info about the Prepared Image. There’s also a link to View image history.
  18. CVAD 2411 and newer let you share the image with multiple Hosting Resources under the same Hosting Connection.

MCS – Full Clones

In Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops (CVAD), for dedicated (persistent) Desktop OS (aka Single session OS) Catalogs, MCS can create Full Clones instead of Linked Clones. Linked Clones can’t be moved, but Full Clones are regular virtual machines that can be moved without impacting MCS.

  • CVAD 2407 and newer support Persistent Multi-session machines.
  • Full Clones is only an option for Desktop OS (aka Single session OS). It’s not an option for Server OS (aka Multi-session OS).

In Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops (CVAD), you can use MCS to create Full Clones. Full Clones are a full copy of a template (master) virtual machine. The Full Clone can then be moved to a different datastore (including Storage vMotion), different cluster, or even different vCenter. You can’t do that with Linked Clones.

For Full Clones, simply prepare a Master Image like normal. There are no special requirements. There’s no need to create Customization Specifications in vCenter since Sysprep is not used. Instead, MCS uses its identity technology to change the identity of the Full Clone. That means every Full Clone has two disks: one for the actual VM, and one for identity (machine name, machine password, etc).

In Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops (CVAD), during the Create Catalog wizard, if you select Yes, create a dedicated virtual machine…

After you select the master image, there’s a new option for Use full copy for better data recovery and migration support. This is the option you want. The Use fast clone option is the older, not recommended, option.

During creation of a Full Clones Catalog, MCS still creates the master snapshot replica and ImagePrep machine, just like any other linked clone Catalog. The snapshot replica is then copied to create the Full Clones.

When you add machines to the MCS Full Clone Catalog, it uses the Master Image snapshot selected when you initially ran the Create Catalog Wizard. There is no function in Citrix Studio to change the Master Image. Instead, use the PowerShell commands detailed at CTX129205 How to Update Master Image for Dedicated and Pooled Machine Types using PowerShell SDK Console.

Since these are Full Clones, once they are created, you can do things like Storage vMotion.

During Disaster Recovery, restore the Full Clone virtual machine (both disks). You might have to remove any Custom Attributes on the machine, especially the XdConfig attribute.

Inside the virtual machines, you might have to change the ListOfDDCs registry value to point to your DR Delivery Controllers. One method is to use Group Policy Preferences Registry.

In the Create Catalog wizard, select Another Service or technology.

And use the Add VMs button to add the Full Clone machines. The remaining Catalog and Delivery Group steps are performed normally.

MCS – Machine Naming

Once a Catalog is created, you can run the following commands to specify the starting count:

Get-AcctIdentityPool
Set-AcctIdentityPool -IdentityPoolName "NAME" -StartCount VALUE

MCS – Storage Optimization Memory Caching

Memory caching (aka MCSIO, aka Storage Optimization) in MCS is very similar to Memory caching in Citrix Provisioning. All writes are cached to memory instead of written to disk. With memory caching, some benchmarks show 95% reduction in IOPS.

In CVAD 1903 and newer, MCS now uses the exact same Memory Caching driver as Citrix Provisioning. If you want to use the MCSIO feature, upgrade to CVAD 1903 or newer. Older versions of CVAD, including 7.15, have performance problems.

Here are some notes:

  • You configure a size for the memory cache. If the memory cache is full, it overflows to a cache disk.
  • Whatever memory is allocated to the MCS memory cache is no longer available for normal Windows operations, so make sure you increase the amount of memory assigned to each virtual machine.
  • The overflow disk (temporary data disk) can be stored on shared storage, or on storage local to each hypervisor host. Since memory caching dramatically reduces IOPS, there shouldn’t be any problem placing these overflow disks on shared storage. If you put the overflow disks on hypervisor local disks then you won’t be able to vMotion the machines.
  • In CVAD 1811 and older, the overflow disk is uninitialized and unformatted. Don’t touch it. Don’t format it.
  • In CVAD 1903 and newer, the overflow disk is formatted, and you can put logs (e.g. Event Logs) and other persistent files on it just like you do in Citrix Provisioning. See Andy McCullough MCSIO Reborn!

Memory caching requirements:

  • Random Catalogs only (no dedicated Catalogs)

When installing the VDA software, on the Features page, make sure you select the MCS IO option. VDA 1903 and newer are the recommended versions.

Studio needs to be configured to place the temporary overflow disks on a datastore. You can configure this datastore when creating a new Hosting Resource, or you can edit an existing Hosting Resource.

To create a new Hosting Resource:

  1. In Studio, go to Configuration > Hosting, and click the link to Add Connection and Resources.
  2. In the Storage Management page, select shared storage.
  3. You can optionally select Optimize temporary data on local storage, but this might prevent vMotion. The temporary data disk is only accessed if the memory cache is full, so placing the temporary disks on shared storage shouldn’t be a concern.
  4. Select a shared datastore for each type of disk.

Or you can edit an existing Hosting Resource:

  1. In Studio, go to Configuration > Hosting, right-click an existing resource, and click Edit Storage.
  2. On the Temporary Storage page, select a shared datastore for the temporary overflow disks.

Memory caching is enabled when creating a new Catalog.

  1. In the Desktop Experience page, select random.
  2. Master Image VDA must be 7.9 or newer.
  3. In the Virtual Machines page
    • CVAD 1903 and newer require you to specify a Disk cache size first. It needs to be large enough for memory write cache overflow, pagefile, and logs.
    • Then allocate some memory to the cache. For virtual desktops, 256 MB is typical. For RDSH, 4096 MB is typical. More memory = less IOPS.
    • CVAD 2407 and newer let you specify the drive letter for the disk cache.
  4. Whatever you enter for cache memory, also add it to the Total memory on each machine. Any memory allocated to the cache is no longer available for applications so you should increase the total memory to account for this.
  5. Once the machines are created, add them to a Delivery Group like normal.
  6. In CVAD 1903 and newer, the Write Cache Disk is formatted and has a drive letter, just like Citrix Provisioning.
  7. In CVAD 1811 and older, the temporary overflow disk is not initialized or formatted. From Martin Rowan at discussions.citrix.com: “Don’t format it, the raw disk is what MCS caching uses.”

MCS – Image Prep

When a Machine Creation Services catalog is created or updated, a snapshot of the master image is copied to each LUN. This Replica is then powered on and a few tasks are performed like KMS rearm.

 

From Citrix Blog Post Machine Creation Service: Image Preparation Overview and Fault-Finding and CTX217456 Updating a Catalog Fails During Image Preparation: if you are creating a new Catalog, here are some PowerShell commands to control what Image Prep does: (run asnp citrix.* first). These commands do not affect existing Catalogs.

  • Set-ProvServiceConfigurationData -Name ImageManagementPrep_Excluded_Steps -Value EnableDHCP
  • Set-ProvServiceConfigurationData -Name ImageManagementPrep_Excluded_Steps -Value OsRearm
  • Set-ProvServiceConfigurationData -Name ImageManagementPrep_Excluded_Steps -Value OfficeRearm
  • Set-ProvServiceConfigurationData -Name ImageManagementPrep_Excluded_Steps -Value "OsRearm,OfficeRearm"
  • Set-ProvServiceConfigurationData -Name ImageManagementPrep_DoImagePreparation -Value $false

If you are troubleshooting an existing Catalog, here are some PowerShell commands to control what Image Prep does: (run asnp citrix.* first)

  • Get-ProvScheme – Make a note of the “ProvisioningSchemeUid” associated with the catalog.
  • Set-ProvSchemeMetadata -ProvisioningSchemeUid xxxxxxx -Name ImageManagementPrep_Excluded_Steps -Value EnableDHCP
  • Set-ProvSchemeMetadata -ProvisioningSchemeUid xxxxxxx -Name ImageManagementPrep_Excluded_Steps -Value OsRearm
  • Set-ProvSchemeMetadata -ProvisioningSchemeUid xxxxxxx -Name ImageManagementPrep_Excluded_Steps -Value OfficeRearm
  • Set-ProvSchemeMetadata -ProvisioningSchemeUid xxxxxxx -Name ImageManagementPrep_DoImagePreparation -Value $false

If multiple excluded steps, separate them by commas: -Value "OsRearm,OfficeRearm"

To remove the excluded steps, run Remove-ProvServiceConfigurationData -Name ImageManagementPrep_Excluded_Steps or Remove-ProvSchemeMetadata -ProvisioningSchemeUid xxxxxxx -Name ImageManagementPrep_Excluded_Steps.

 

A common issue with Image Prep is Rearm. Instead of the commands shown above, you can set the following registry key on the master VDA to disable rearm. See Unable to create new catalog at Citrix Discussions.

  • HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE/SOFTWARE/Microsoft/Windows NT/CurrentVersion/SoftwareProtectionPlatform
    • SkipRearm (DWORD) = 1

Mark DePalma at XA 7.6 Deployment Failure Error : Image Preparation Office Rearm Count Exceeded at Citrix Discussions had to increase the services timeout to fix the rearm issue:

  • HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control
    • ServicesPipeTimeout (DWORD) = 180000

 

From Mark Syms at Citrix Discussions: You can add one (or both) of the following MultiSZ registry values

  • HKLM\Software\Citrix\MachineIdentityServiceAgent\ImagePreparation\Before
  • HKLM\Software\Citrix\MachineIdentityServiceAgent\ImagePreparation\After

The values are expected to be an executable or script (PoSh or bat), returning 0 on success

 

Citrix CTX140734 Error: “Preparation of the Master VM Image failed” when CREATING MCS Catalog: To troubleshoot image prep failures, do the following:

  1. In PowerShell on a Controller, for a new Catalog, run: 
    asnp citrix.*

Set-ProvServiceConfigurationData -Name ImageManagementPrep_NoAutoShutdown -Value $True
  2. For an existing Catalog, run the following: 
    asnp citrix.*
Get-ProvScheme
Set-ProvSchemeMetadata -ProvisioningSchemeUid xxxxxxx -Name ImageManagementPrep_NoAutoShutdown -Value $True
  3. On the master image, set the DWORD registry value HKLM\Software\Citrix\MachineIdentityServiceAgent\LOGGING to 1
  4. If you now attempt catalog creation, an extra VM will be started; log into this VM (via the hypervisor console, it has no network access) and see if anything is obviously wrong (e.g. it’s bluescreened or something like that!). If it hasn’t there should be two log files called “image-prep.log” and “PvsVmAgentLog.txt” created in c:\ – scan these for any errors.
  5. When you’ve finished doing all this debugging, remember to run one of the following: 
    Remove-ProvServiceConfigurationData -Name ImageManagementPrep_NoAutoShutdown
Remove-ProvSchemeMetadata -ProvisioningSchemeUid xxxxxxx -Name ImageManagementPrep_NoAutoShutdown

MCS – Base Disk Deletion

Citrix CTX223133 How to change the disk deletion interval to delete unused base disks on the VM storage. Every 6 hours, Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops (CVAD) runs a task to delete unused base disks.

The Disk Reaper interval is configured using PowerShell. The default values are shown below:

Set-ProvServiceConfigurationData -Name DiskReaper_retryInterval -Value 6:0:0 | Out-Null
Set-ProvServiceConfigurationData -Name DiskReaper_heartbeatInterval -Value 1:0:0 | Out-Null

MCS – Static (Dedicated) Catalog Master Image

If you create a Machine Catalog of Dedicated Machines (aka Static Catalog), then it’s not possible to update the Master Image using Citrix Studio.

You might want to change the Master Image so that machines added to this Static Catalog are cloned from a new Master Image instead of the Master Image that was originally selected with the Catalog was created.

Official instructions are at CTX129205 How to Update Master Image for Dedicated and Pooled Machine Types using PowerShell SDK Console.

If vSphere, Chaitanya at Machine Catalog Update Tool at knowcitrix.com created a GUI for these Citrix and vSphere PowerShell commands.

MCS – Hybrid Azure AD Join

CVAD 2305 and newer support Hybrid Azure AD Join when creating a Catalog. See Hybrid Azure Active Directory joined at Citrix Docs. VDA Registration is delayed until the computer is synced to Azure AD, which can take 30 minutes or longer.

Controller – Name Caching

George Spiers in Active Directory user computer name caching in XenDesktop explains how the Broker Service in Delivery Controller caches Active Directory user and computer names. The cache can be updated by running Update-BrokerNameCache -Machines or Update-BrokerNameCache -Users. Also see Update-BrokerNameCache at Citrix SDK documentation.

Delivery Group License Type

Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops (CVAD) supports multiple license types (e.g. Concurrent and User/Device) within a Single farm/site. However, a farm/site only supports a single Edition (i.e. Enterprise or Platinum, but not both). The license model and product are configured at the Delivery Group. See CTX223926, and Multi-type licensing at Citrix Docs.

To configure license model and product, run the following PowerShell commands (run asnp citrix.* first):

Set-BrokerDesktopGroup –Name "DeliveryGroupName" –LicenseModel LicenseModel
Set-BrokerDesktopGroup –Name "DeliveryGroupName" –ProductCode ProductCode

LicenseModel can be UserDevice, or Concurrent. ProductCode can be XDT (Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops [CVAD]) or MPS (Citrix Virtual Apps [CVA]).

Delivery Groups

In Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops (CVAD), when creating a Delivery Group, there are options for publishing applications and publishing desktops.

On the Applications page of the Create Delivery Group wizard, From start menu reads icons from a machine in the Delivery Group and lets you select them. Manually lets you enter file path and other details manually. These are the same as in prior releases.

Existing is the new option. This lets you easily publish applications across multiple Delivery Groups.

You can also go to the Applications node, edit an existing application, change to the Groups tab, and publish the existing app across additional Delivery Groups.

Once multiple Delivery Groups are selected, you can prioritize them by clicking the Edit Priority button.

On the Desktops page of the Create Delivery Group wizard, you can now publish multiple desktops from a single Delivery Group. Each desktop can be named differently. And you can restrict access to the published desktop.

There doesn’t seem to be any way to publish a Desktop across multiple Delivery Groups.

To publish apps and desktops across a subset of machines in a Delivery Group, see Tags.

Maximum Desktop Instances in Site/Farm

Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops (CVAD) 1808 and newer lets you restrict the maximum instances of a published desktop in the Site. This feature is configured using PowerShell.

asnp citrix.*
Get-BrokerEntitlementPolicyRule | Select-Object Name,PublishedName
Set-BrokerEntitlementPolicyRule -Name RDSH16_1 -MaxPerEntitlementInstances 1

If too many instances are launched, the user sees Cannot start desktop in StoreFront.

And StoreFront Server > Event Viewer > Applications and Services > Citrix Delivery Services shows session-limit-reached.

To revert to unlimited instances of the published desktop, set MaxPerEntitlementInstances to 0.

Logoff Closed Desktop

In Citrix Workspace app 2309 version onwards, when users close a desktop session, users can be asked to Sign out instead of Disconnect. This feature is called Save energy or Logoff on Close.

To enable the feature, edit a published desktop, find the Description field, and enter something similar to the following:

KEYWORDS:LogoffOnClose=true PromptMessage="Do you want to Log off?"

Tags

In Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops (CVAD), you can assign tags to machines. Then you can publish apps and/or desktops to only those machines that have the tag. This means you can publish icons from a subset of the machines in the Delivery Group, just like you could in XenApp 6.5.

Tags also allow different machines to have different restart schedules.

  1. In Citrix Studio, find the machines you want to tag (e.g. double-click a Delivery Group). You can right-click one machine, or select multiple machines and right-click them. Then click Manage Tags.
  2. Click Create.
  3. Give the tag a name and click OK. This tag could be assigned to multiple machines.
  4. After the tag is created, check the box next to the tag to assign it to these machines. Then click Save.
  5. Edit a Delivery Group that has published desktops. On the Desktops page, edit one of the desktops.
  6. You can use the Restrict launches to machines with tag checkbox and drop-down to filter the machines the desktop launches from. This allows you to create a new published desktop for every machine in the Delivery Group. In that case, each machine would have a different tag. Create a separate published desktop for each machine, and select one of the tags.
  7. A common request is to create a published desktop for each Citrix Virtual Apps (CVA) server. See Citrix Blog Post How to Assign Desktops to Specific Servers in XenApp 7 for a script that can automate this configuration.
  8. When you create an Application Group, on the Delivery Groups page, there’s an optional checkbox to Restrict launches to machines with tag. Any apps in this app group only launch on machines that have the selected tag assigned. This lets you have common apps across all machines in the Delivery Group, plus one-off apps that might be on only a small number of machines in the Delivery Group. In that case, you’ll have one app group with no tag restrictions for the common apps. And a different app group with tag restriction for the one-off apps.

RDSH Scheduled Restart

If you create a Scheduled Restart inside Citrix Studio, it applies to every machine in the Delivery Group. Alternatively, you can use the 7.12 tags feature to allow different machines to have different restart schedules.

To configure a scheduled reboot on RDSH machines:

  1. Right-click an RDSH Delivery Group and click Edit Delivery Group.
  2. On the User Settings page, make sure the Time zone is configured correctly. Scheduled restarts use this time zone. (Source = CTX234892 Scheduled Restart Happen At Incorrect Time For A Specific Delivery Group)
  3. In Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops (CVAD) 1811 and newer, you can create multiple Restart Schedules from the GUI. First, tag your machines. Then create a restart schedule for each tag.

  4. The Restart Schedule page lets you schedule a restart of the session hosts.
  5. Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops (CVAD) and XenApp 7.7 and newer lets you send multiple notifications.
  6. Restart after drain – in CVAD 2103 and newer, you can configure a Restart Schedule to wait for all users to log off of the machine. Use the -UseNaturalReboot $true parameter with the New-BrokerRebootScheduleV2 and Set-BrokerRebootScheduleV2 cmdlets. Run Get-BrokerRebootScheduleV2 to see the existing schedules. Then run Set-BrokerRebootScheduleV2 to modify the schedule. This feature is not available in Citrix Studio.
  7. Restart after database outage – If a site database outage occurs before a scheduled restart begins for machines (VDAs) in a Delivery Group, the restarts begin when the outage ends. This can have unintended results. To help avoid this situation, you can use the MaxOvertimeStartMins parameter for the New-BrokerRebootScheduleV2 and Set-BrokerRebootScheduleV2 cmdlets in CVAD 1909 and newer. See Scheduled restarts delayed due to database outage at Citrix Docs.
  8. Maintenance mode and restarts – VDAs in Maintenance Mode will not restart automatically.
    1. In CVAD 2006 and newer, the Set-Brokerrebootschedulev2 cmdlets have -IgnoreMaintenanceMode $true. This setting is not available in Citrix Studio. See Scheduled restarts for machines in maintenance mode at Citrix Docs.
    2. Or see Matthias Schlimm at Reboot Schedule – VM’s in Maintenance Mode … do it at CUGC provides a script that reboots maintenance mode VDAs.
  9. If all the user sessions on the VDA are not logged off within 10 minutes, and if machine is not shutdown gracefully, then the Delivery Controller sends a force shutdown of the VDA, and machine does not power on. The following Delivery Controller registry values can be tweaked. Source = Citrix CTX237058 Schedule reboot does not restart machines and it stays in Shutdown state
    • HKLM\Software\Citrix\DesktopServer\SiteServices\MaxShutdownTimeSecs
    • HKLM\Software\Citrix\DesktopServer\RebootSchedule\MaxShutdownDelayMin 

Or use a reboot script/tool:

Autoscale

In CVAD 2305 and newer, Web Studio supports Autoscale. Right-click a Delivery Group and click Manage Autoscale. See Getting started with Autoscale at Citrix Docs.

In CVAD 2407 and newer, in Static (dedicated) Single-session Delivery Groups, in Autoscale > Load-based Settings, you can power off machines that nobody logged on to.

For schedule-based autoscale, edit the Delivery Group and set the Time Zone on the User Settings page.

Web Studio 2308+ on the Settings page has an option for Vertical load balancing.

CVAD 2311 and newer let you set Vertical load balancing at the Delivery Group instead of only at the Site.

Multiple Sessions

From Configure session roaming at Citrix Docs: By default, users can only have one session. Citrix Web Studio in CVAD 2303 and newer lets you configure session roaming by editing the delivery group. For published apps, disable it on the Users page. For published desktops, edit a published desktop and disable it on the bottom of the window.

Or you can configure the SessionReconnection setting available via PowerShell.  On any Server OS delivery group, run:

Set-BrokerEntitlementPolicyRule <Published Desktop Name> -SessionReconnection <Value>

For <Published Desktop Name>, run Get-BrokerEntitlementPolicyRule and look for the Name field.

<Value> can be:

  • Always – This is the default and matches the behavior of a VDI session. Sessions always roam, regardless of client device.
  • DisconnectedOnly – This reverts back to the XenApp 6.x and earlier behavior. Sessions may be roamed between client devices by first disconnecting them (or using Workspace Control) to explicitly roam them. However, active sessions are not stolen from another client device, and a new session is launched instead.
  • SameEndpointOnly – This matches the behavior of the “ReconnectSame” registry setting in XenApp 6.x. Each user will get a unique session for each client device they use, and roaming between clients is completely disabled.

For app sessions, use:

Set-BrokerAppEntitlementPolicyRule <App Entitlement Rule Name> -SessionReconnection <Value>

For <App Entitlement Rule Name>, run Get-BrokerAppEntitlementPolicyRule and look for the Name field.

Static Catalog – Export/Import Machine Assignments

It is sometimes useful (e.g. DR) to export machine assignments from one Catalog/Delivery Group and import to another.

  1. In Studio, click Delivery Groups on the lefthand menu
  2. Right click Edit delivery group
  3. Select Machine allocation tab on the left
  4. Click Export list
  5. Select a file name > Click Save
  6. Create the new machine catalog
  7. Right click the delivery group > Click Edit
  8. Select Machine allocation tab on the left
  9. Click Import list..
  10. Select the list you exported in step 4
  11. Click Apply

Your clients will now have users re-assigned to machines.

Monitor the Number of Free Desktops

Sacha Thomet wrote a script at victim of a good reputation – Low free pooled XenDesktops that polls Director to determine the number of free desktops in a Delivery Group. If lower than the threshold, an email is sent.

List Desktops Not Used for x Days

CTP Kees Baggerman has a script at Making sure your Citrix Desktops are utilized with Powershell v2 that does the following:

  • Grab all the desktops that haven’t been used within x amount of days
  • Notify the user
  • Set the desktop to maintenance mode
  • Uses the Office 365 SMTP servers for notifications

Related Topics

Published Applications

Last Modified: Dec 22, 2023 @ 5:02 am

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Change Log

RDSH Application Testing

Installing apps on Remote Desktop Session Host (Virtual Apps or XenApp) is more complicated than installing apps on a single-user operating system (virtual desktop). Here are some RDSH-specific considerations that must be tested before integrating a new application into RDSH. These considerations usually don’t apply to virtual desktops.

  •  Multi-user Capable – can the application run multiple times on the same machine by different users? Most applications don’t have a problem, but a few do, especially applications that put temporary files or other writable files in global locations. For example, the first user of an app could write temporary files to C:\Temp. The second user writes to the same location, overwriting the temp files needed by the first user. Test the app with multiple users running the app on the same RDSH machine.
  • Lockdown to prevent one user from affecting another – What restrictions are needed to prevent one user from affecting another? For example, if an app’s configuration files are stored in a global location, you don’t want one user to edit the configuration file, and thus affect a different user. Test the app with multiple users running the app on the same RDSH machine.
  • Permission Relaxations – what relaxations (e.g. NTFS) are needed to allow non-administrators and GPO locked-down users to run the application? Test the application as a non-administrator with GPO lock down policies applied.
  • First Time Use – when a user launches an application the first time, the application should be automatically fully configured with default settings (e.g. back-end server connections). Use group policy to apply application settings. Automated FTU also helps with a user whose profile is reset. Test the RDSH app with a user that has a new (clean) profile.
  • Roaming – users could connect to a different RDSH machine every day, and thus user settings need to roam across machines. Test running the app on one RDSH, make changes, then login to a different RDSH machine to ensure the changes are still there.
  • Application Licensing – if an application requires licensing, can licensed and non-licensed users connect to the same machine? Can it be guaranteed that non-licensed users can’t run the application that requires licensing? Adobe Acrobat is an example of a challenging application because of the global .pdf file-type association, and the global PDF printer.
  • Client Devices (USB, printers, COM ports) – the client device mapping capabilities on RDSH are not as extensive as virtual desktops. For example, generic USB wasn’t added until Windows Server 2012 R2. When the application prints, does it show printers from every user, instead of just the user running the app? Does the app need COM port mapping?
  • Shared IP – does the app have any problems with multiple users sharing the same IP address? If so, you might have to configure RDS IP Virtualization.
  • Fair Sharing of Hardware Resources– does the app sometimes consume a disproportionate amount of hardware resources? For example, can the app be used to launch a task that consumes 100% CPU for some time? One option is to put this app on its own Delivery Group. Or you can use Citrix Workspace Environment Manager to ensure fair sharing of hardware resources.
  • Published Application – can the app run as a published application that doesn’t have Explorer running in the background? Does the app (e.g. Internet Explorer web apps) need RunOnce.exe /AlternateShellStartup to fully initialize before it will run correctly as a published application? Some apps work without issue in a published desktop, but don’t work properly as published applications. When testing a published app, test it with a user that has a new (clean) profile. Connecting to the published desktop once will cause Active Setup to run, changing the user’s profile, thus distorting the published app testing results.
  • Integration Testing – when installing a new app on a RDSH server, don’t forget to test the other apps already on the RDSH server, because the new app might have broken the other apps. The more apps you put on an RDSH server, the longer it takes to perform integration testing.

Also see MSDN Remote Desktop Services programming guidelines.

Some of the issues in this list can be overcome by using an application virtualization tool (e.g. Microsoft App-V) that runs apps in isolated bubbles.

Application Groups

Citrix Blog Post Introducing Application Groups in XenApp and XenDesktop 7.9

Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops and XenApp 7.9 and newer has an Application Group feature. This feature lets you group published apps together so you can more easily apply properties to every app in the group. Today, you can do the following:

  • Control visibility of every app in the app group (Users page).
  • Publish every app on the same Delivery Groups.
  • Prevent or allow apps in different Application Groups from running in the same session.
  • With one published app icon, test users launch from test Delivery Group, while production users launch from production Delivery Group.

To create an Application Group:

  1. In Citrix Studio, right-click Applications, and click Create Application Group.

    1. In the Getting Started page, click Next.
    2. In the Delivery Groups page, select the delivery groups you want these apps published from.
    3. In the Users page, select the users that can see the apps in this app group.
    4. Note: there are three levels of authorization. An app is only visible to a user if the user is assigned to all of the following:
      • Delivery Group
      • Application Group
      • Individual Published Apps in the Application Group
    5. Click Next.
    6. In the Applications page, publish applications like normal. The Existing option lets you select an app that’s already been published to a different Application Group or Delivery Group. Click Next.
    7. In the Summary page,  give the Application Group a name, and click Finish.
  2. In the Applications node in Studio, there’s a new Application Groups section.
  3. If you highlight your Application Group, on the right is the list of apps in the group. You can edit each of these published apps like normal.
  4. You can drag applications into an Application Group.

  5. However, this more of a copy than a move. To actually move the app exclusively into the Application Group, edit the individual app, and on the Groups page, remove all Delivery Groups (or other Application Groups). The app will instead inherit the Delivery Groups from the app group.
  6. If you edit the Application Group:
  7. The Settings page has an option for session sharing between Application Groups. Clearing this checkbox allows you to force applications in different Application Groups to run in different sessions.
  8. The Delivery Groups tab lets you set Delivery Group priority. If priority is identical, then sessions are load balanced. If priorities are different, then sessions are launched on Delivery Groups in priority order.
  9. The checkbox for Restrict launches to machines with tag lets you restrict the apps to only run on VDAs with the selected tag.
  10. In Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops and XenApp/XenDesktop 7.13 and newer, you can use PowerShell to cause an Application Group to launch multiple app instances in separate sessions. Citrix Blog Post XenApp and XenDesktop 7.13: Launching an Application in Multiple Sessions.

Limit Icon Visibility

For Published Applications, there are three levels of application authorization: Delivery Group, Application Groups, and Published App Limit Visibility. A published app icon is only visible if the user is added to all three levels.

  1. Delivery Group (Users page). If the user is not assigned to the Delivery Group, then the user won’t see any application or desktop icon published from that Delivery Group.

  2. Limit Visibility – You can use the published app’s Limit Visibility page to restrict an icon to a subset of Delivery Group users.

  3. In Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops (CVAD) and XenApp/XenDesktop 7.9 and newer, you can use Application Groups to restrict access to published icons.

  4. App Icons won’t appear unless users are added to all three of the above locations.

Published Desktops have separate authorization configuration:

  1. Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops (CVAD) and XenApp/XenDesktop 7.8 and newer have a Desktops page in Delivery Group properties where you can publish multiple desktops and restrict access to those individual published desktops.

  2. In XenApp/XenDesktop prior to version 7.8, if a desktop is published from the Delivery Group, by default, every user assigned to the Delivery Group can see the icon. You can use the PowerShell command Set-BrokerEntitlementPolicyRule to limit the desktop icon to a subset of the users assigned to the Delivery Group.
    1. Run asnp citrix.*
    2. Run Get-BrokerEntitlementPolicyRule to see the published desktops.
    3. Then run Set-BrokerEntitlementPolicyRule to set the IncludedUsers or ExcludedUsers filters.

Published Content

Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops (CVAD) and XenApp 7.11 and newer have Published Content where you can publish URLs that are opened in the user’s local browser. You can also publish UNC paths, which are opened with local Explorer or local application.

It’s not possible to publish content using Citrix Studio. Instead, use PowerShell.

The New-BrokerApplication cmdlet requires you to specify a Delivery Group which must have at least one registered machine in it. However, the published content does not actually launch from the Delivery Group since the URLs and/or UNCs open locally.

First run asnp citrix.*

Then run New-BrokerApplication -ApplicationType PublishedContent. Here is a sample PowerShell command:

New-BrokerApplication -Name "CitrixHomePage" -PublishedName "Citrix Home Page" -ApplicationType PublishedContent -CommandLineExecutable https://www.citrix.com -DesktopGroup RDSH12R2

Instead of publishing to a Delivery Group, you can publish to an Application Group by using the -ApplicationGroup switch. The Application Group must have Delivery Group(s) assigned to it.

Once the Published Content is created, you can see it in Citrix Studio. You can also edit it from Citrix Studio, including Limit Visibility and Groups (to move it to an Application Group).

Published Content can be placed in Application Groups, which supports properties to restrict access to the shortcut.

It does not appear to be possible to set the icon from Studio, but you can do it using PowerShell. See Citrix Blog Post @XDtipster – Changing Delivery Group Icons Revisited (XD7) for instructions to convert an icon to a base64 string, and import to Citrix Virtual Apps or XenApp using New-BrokerIcon -EnCodedIconData "Base64 String".  Then you can link the icon to the Published Content using Set-BrokerApplication "App Name" -IconUid.

In StoreFront 3.7, you can click the icon and URLs will open in a new browser tab.

HTTP/HTTPS Published Content should open in Receiver. Other URLs (e.g. file:// or UNC path) will probably show an error message.

You can override this restriction by enabling the group policy setting Allow/Prevent users to publish unsafe content at Computer Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates | Citrix Components | Citrix Receiver | SelfService. This assumes you’ve installed the Receiver .admx files. (h/t David Prows at CUGC forums).

Application Usage Limits

In Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops (CVAD) and XenApp/XenDesktop 7.7 or newer, if you edit an application’s Properties, on the Delivery page, you can restrict the number of concurrent instances of the application. You can also Limit to one instance per user.

Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops (CVAD) 1808 and newer support limiting the number of application instances per machine. This setting is configured using PowerShell. See Configure application limits at Citrix Docs.

asnp citrix.*
Set-BrokerApplication MyApplication -MaxPerMachineInstances 2

To revert to unlimited per-machine instances of the published application, set MaxPerMachineInstances to 0.

Keywords for StoreFront

In a published application’s Properties, on the Identification page, in the Description and keywords field, you can enter KEYWORDS to control how the app behaves when displayed by StoreFront.

  • Enter KEYWORDS:Mandatory or KEYWORDS:Auto to cause the application to automatically be subscribed or favorited in Citrix Receiver.
    • In StoreFront 3.0 and newer, the user can go to the Apps tab, click an App’s Details button, and mark the app as a Favorite. 
    • In the older StoreFront interface, users subscribe to applications by clicking the plus icon to add the application to the middle of the screen. 
    • Mandatory means the app can’t be removed from Favorites or unsubscribed.
    • Auto means the app is automatically favorited or subscribed, and can be un-favorited or unsubscribed by the user.
  • Enter KEYWORDS:Featured to make the application show up in the Featured list.
  • You can separate multiple keywords with a space. KEYWORDS:Mandatory Featured.
  • See the StoreFront 3.7 Keywords documentation at Citrix Docs for more information.

Users will have a better experience with StoreFront if applications are published into folders. The folder name is specified in the Delivery page in the Category field. Note: Add shortcut to user’s desktop works in newer versions of Receiver assuming the app is marked as a Favorite.

Secure Browser

Citrix has a deployment guide for publishing a browser from XenApp. Here’s an overview of the configuration:

  • Install Chrome on an RDSH VDA.
  • In Studio, publish IE and/or Chrome in Kiosk Mode to anonymous users.
    • Create a different published app for each website.
  • In StoreFront, create a Store for Unauthenticated Users.
  • In StoreFront, enable Receiver for HTML5.
  • In StoreFront, enable web links so you can link to the published browser from a different website.

When a user launches the published browser, the HTML5 client opens the published app in a local browser tab. The published browser runs in kiosk mode so that the published browser’s user interface is hidden. It looks like the website is running on the local browser but actually it’s running from a published browser.

App-V

App-V GPO ADMX templates

The latest GPO ADMX templates for App-V can be downloaded from Microsoft Desktop Optimization Pack Group Policy Administrative Templates.

App-V and Logon Times

Links:

App-V Dual Admin

In Dual Admin mode, you configure Citrix Studio to connect to App-V Management Server(s) and Publishing Server(s).

See Citrix Blog Post Load Balancing Microsoft App-V Servers with a Citrix Virtual Apps deployment for supported App-V server load balancing configurations.

  • Connecting to Management Servers using a load balancing VIP is not supported.
    • Use DNS Round Robin instead. Or use Citrix PowerShell to specify multiple Management Servers.
  • You can connect to Publishing Servers load balanced through a VIP, but Studio will show an error. Just ignore it.

App-V Single Admin

Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops (CVAD) and XenApp 7.8 no longer requires App-V management infrastructure and can instead pull the App-V packages directly from an SMB share as detailed at App Packages at Citrix Docs.

The computer accounts for Delivery Controllers and VDAs must have read access to the share. An easy method is to add Domain Computers. See CTX221296 Citrix App-V Integration Minimum Permission Requirements.

In CVAD 2311 or newer, in Web Studio, go to App Packages to add App-V packages. See Publish packaged applications on single-session or shared desktop VDAs at Citrix Docs.

In older Citrix Studio, go to Configuration > Hosting, right-click App-V Publishing, click Add Packages, and browse to the .appv file.

Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops (CVAD) and XenApp 7.11 adds an Isolation Groups tab.

Once App-V packages are added to Citrix Studio, you can publish an app, and select App-V from the drop-down.

The App-V apps show up as AppLibrary App-V and support the same options as other published applications.

Make sure the App-V Components are installed on your VDA. It’s not checked by default in 7.12 and newer.

On your VDA Windows 10/2016 or newer, in PowerShell, run Enable-Appv. For older OS, install the App-V client.

There appears to be some limitations to the package share method as detailed by Joe Robinson at Citrix Discussions:

Joe Robinson provided a script to force the App-V client to sync before launching the user’s App-V application.

If you run Citrix Workspace app inside a VDA machine and attempt to launch an App-V published app, it will launch from a different VDA session instead of the VDA session you’re already connected to.

Launch App Inside App-V Bubble

From Citrix Blog Post Process Launching in an App-V V5 Virtual Environment:

  • On any executable, add the /appvve:<PackageID>_<VersionID> of the package in which one would like the executable to run
  • If the App-V process is already running then use the /appvpid:<ProcessId> to inject into a running App-V virtual environment
  • If you want something more permanent, you can set the HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\AppV\Client\RunVirtual\<YourApplicationName> with a default REG_SZ key that has the executable name in it.

Also see Microsoft Knowledgebase article How to launch processes inside the App-V 5.0 virtualized environment.

AppDisks

See https://www.carlstalhood.com/appdisks/

Change Published Desktop Icon

Citrix Blog Post Changing Delivery Group Icons Revisited (XD7) has instructions on how to use PowerShell to import a Base-64 icon and then link it to the published desktop.

StoreFront overrides custom desktop icons. Run the following PowerShell commands to restore custom desktop icons: (h/t CTP Sam Jacobs)

& 'C:\Program Files\Citrix\Receiver StoreFront\Scripts\ImportModules.ps1'

$store = Get-STFStoreService /Citrix/Store
Set-STFStoreService -StoreService $store -SubstituteDesktopImage $false -Confirm:$false

Other Published App Tips

CTX209199 Published 64 bit Aps Can’t Be Started With %ProgramFiles% in Command Line If It’s Not the first Application to Start: You can try the following methods to address this issue:

  1. Use the absolute path to publish the application.
    2. Use %ProgramW6432% for 64-bit applications instead of %ProgramFiles%.

Google Chrome

Links detailing installation, configuration, roaming profiles, and publishing.

CTX132057 Google Chrome Becomes Unresponsive when Started as Published Application: add the parameters --allow-no-sandbox-job --disable-gpu in the published app command line. According to Dennis Span, this is no longer needed in Chrome 58 and newer.

CTX205876 Non-published Google Chrome browser on XenApp server, called and launched from any published app, is seen in black/grey screen: The command line parameter has to be added to registry shell open command for the Chrome browser:

  1. In Regedit, navigate to HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\http\shell\open\command
  2. Edit the Default value as follows:
    "C:\Program Files (x86)\Google\Chrome\Application\chrome.exe" --allow-no-sandbox-job --disable-gpu -- "%1"

Disable Application and Hide It

  1. In Studio, you can disable a published application by right-clicking it, and clicking Disable.
  2. In older versions of XenApp/XenDesktop, when you disable the application, it leaves the application visible but it is grayed out thus preventing users from launching it. In 7.8, the disabled app is automatically hidden (no longer shown in the apps list).
  3. If desired, you can hide or unhide the disabled application icon by running a PowerShell command: 
    asnp citrix.*
Set-BrokerApplication MyApp -Visible $false

  4. When you re-enable the application, Visibility is automatically set back to true.

Browser Content Redirection

Browser Content Redirection prevents the rendering of whitelisted webpages on the VDA side, and instead renders them on the client side. Only the browser viewport is redirected. The intent of this feature is to redirect HTML5 Video (e.g .youtube).

Browser Content Redirection requirements:

  • Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops (CVAD) or XenApp/XenDesktop 7.16 and newer
  • Receiver 4.10 or newer
  • Chrome support is available in Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops (CVAD) 1808 and newer
    • In the VDA, install the Chrome Browser Extension named Browser Content Redirection Extension. You can use Google Chrome Group Policy templates to force installation of the extension. See Browser content redirection Chrome extension at Citrix Docs.
    • You do not need any client software other than Workspace app 1809 or newer. The client-side rendering engine is included in Workspace app 1809 and newer.
      • HDX Browser Content Redirection feature will not work with Citrix Workspace app for Windows 1912 LTSR due to removal of the embedded browser from LTSR versions. But it does work in Workspace app 2006.
  • Internet Explorer 11– IE 11 on both the VDA, and on the client.
    • On the VDA, Enhanced Protected Mode must be disabled under Internet Explorer: Internet Options > Advanced
    • On the VDA, an IE 11 Browser Helper Object (BHO) named Citrix HDXJsInjector facilitates the redirection.
    • In Internet Explorer > Tools > Internet Options > Advanced > Browsing, ensure that Enable third-party browser extensions is checked. Source = Content Browser Redirection at Citrix Discussions.
  • Internet access from Client – By default, the client (Receiver) tries to fetch the redirected content. If client is not able to fetch, then the content falls back to server rendering.
  • When redirection is working, the client machine has a HdxBrowser.exe process.

    • See Kasper Johansen Citrix Xenapp And Desktop 7.16 Browser Content Redirection for some videos of this feature.
    • Kasper and Rasmus detail client-side registry keys to enable HdxBrowser.exe to use client-side GPU. These keys/values might already be configured in Receiver 4.11 and newer.
      • HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\Main\FeatureControl\FEATURE_GPU_RENDERING
        • HdxBrowser.exe (DWORD) = 1
      • HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\Main\FeatureControl\FEATURE_BROWSER_EMULATION
        • HDXBrowser.exe (DWORD) = 11000 (Decimal)
      • HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\Main\FeatureControl\FEATURE_GPU_RENDERING
        • HdxBrowser.exe (DWORD) = 1
      • HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\Main\FeatureControl\FEATURE_BROWSER_EMULATION
        • HDXBrowser.exe (DWORD) = 11000 (Decimal)
    • Rasmus Raun-Nielsen at Browser Content Redirection?! at LinkedIn has some CPU analysis, including client-side GPU.

Browser Content Redirection is configured using Citrix Policies, in the User half, under the Multimedia category.

Browser Content Redirection is enabled by default, but only for the specified whitelist URLs (ACL Configuration). Note that wildcards can be used in the path, but not in the DNS name. To configure Microsoft Teams and GoToMeeting, see CTX238236 Browser Content Redirection: whitelisting websites.

Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops (CVAD)  and XenDesktop 7.18 and newer have a setting named Browser Content Redirection Authentication Sites. Add URLs that are redirected from the main ACL URL. To configure Microsoft Teams and GoToMeeting, see CTX238236 Browser Content Redirection: whitelisting websites. Also see See CTX230052 How to Troubleshoot Browser Content Redirection.

Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops (CVAD) and XenDesktop 7.17 and newer have a Blacklist setting. Any address added here will not be redirected to the client. You typically configure this setting to override the ACL setting (e.g. ACL setting has a generic URL, but the Blacklist has a more specific URL)

7.18 adds a Browser Content Redirection Authentication Sites setting. Configure a list of URLs that sites redirected via Browser Content Redirection can use to authenticate a user. E.g. iDP URLs.

Registry keys for Browser Content Redirection are detailed at Browser content redirection policy settings at Citrix Docs.

Bidirectional Content Redirection

You can redirect URLs from client to a published browser, or from VDA to the client. See Bidirectional content redirection policy settings at Citrix Docs for requirements and limitations.

  1. Make sure Local App Access is not enabled on the VDAs.
  2. Make sure a browser is published. Chrome and Edge require Workspace app 2106 and newer connecting to VDA 2106 and newer.
  3. Edit a GPO that applies to VDA users.
  4. Go to User Config | Policies | Citrix Policies and edit a Citrix Policy.
  5. Find the setting Allow Bidirectional Content Redirection and enable it (Allowed).

  6. In CVAD 2311 and newer, use the setting Bidirectional content redirection configuration to insert a JSON string containing the list of URLs to redirect from client or VDA. The older setting for Allowed URLs has been deprecated. See Bidirectional content redirection at Citrix Docs.


  7. Prior to CVAD 2311, also configure the Allowed URLs policy settings (VDA to client, or client to VDA) to indicate which URLs should be redirected in either direction.

    • VDA 2206 adds support for wildcards in the Allowed URLs to be redirected to Client policy setting, but not from Client to VDA.
    • VDA 2206 adds support for custom protocols other than HTTP and HTTPS in the Allowed URLs to be redirected to Client policy setting. These custom protocols don’t work from Edge/Chrome.
    • More details at Citrix Docs.
  8. In CVAD 2311 and newer, it is no longer necessary to configure Bidirectional Content Redirection on the client side. For older CVAD:
    1. Copy the receiver.admx file from Receiver 4.7 or newer to PolicyDefinitions (SYSVOL or C:\Windows\PolicyDefinitions).
    2. Edit a GPO that applies to client devices (endpoints).
    3. Go to User Configuration | Policies | Administrative Templates | Citrix Workspace | User experience.
    4. Double-click the setting Bidirectional Content Redirection.
    5. Enable the setting.
    6. In the Published Application field, enter the name of the Internet Explorer published application.
    7. In the Allowed URLs fields, configure the URLs you want to redirect in either direction.
  9. On the VDA, run one or more the following commands to register the browser add-on. Chrome and Edge require Workspace app 2106 and newer connecting to VDA 2106 and newer. 
    "C:\Program Files (x86)\Citrix\System32\VDARedirector.exe" /regIE
"C:\Program Files (x86)\Citrix\System32\VDARedirector.exe" /regChrome
"C:\Program Files (x86)\Citrix\System32\VDARedirector.exe" /regEdge
"C:\Program Files (x86)\Citrix\System32\VDARedirector.exe" /regall

  10. CTX232277 Unable to Logoff When Bidirectional Content Redirection is Configured says that the following registry value should be configured on the VDA. If you already have LogoffCheckSysModules, then add the below processes names to the existing value.
    • HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Citrix\wfshell\TWI
      • LogoffCheckSysModules (REG_SZ) = wfcrun32.exe,Concentr.exe,SelfServicePlugin.exe,redirector.exe
  11. In Workspace app 2106 and newer connecting to VDA 2106 and newer, do the following to enable redirection for Chrome and/or Edge: 
    "%ProgramFiles(x86)%\Citrix\ICA Client\redirector.exe" /regChrome /verbose

  12. Chrome might display an Error indicating New extension added.

  13. For Internet Explorer, do the following: 
    "C:\Program Files (x86)\Citrix\ICA Client\redirector.exe" /regIE

  14. When you run Internet Explorer on the VDA or client device, you’ll be prompted to enable the add-on. You can configure a GPO to enable this add-on automatically. Redirection won’t work unless the add-on is enabled.

Host to client Redirection

This feature causes Citrix VDA to redirect http links in applications to the client machine, so they are opened using the client’s browser. The feature is disabled by default.

James Rankin at Using host-to-client redirection in Citrix XenApp explains the feature in detail, including:

  • Limitations of the feature
  • Registry values to control the URL Schemes that can be redirect to the client
  • Group Policy and XML file to handle the File Type Associations in Windows 2012 and newer

Local App Access

Some applications are not suitable for centralization and instead should run on endpoint devices. These applications include: phone software, applications needing peripherals, etc. Citrix Local App Access lets you access these endpoint-installed applications from inside a published desktop. This is sometimes called Reverse Seamless.

Local App Access has three modes of functionality:

  • User-managed local applications. Any shortcuts in the endpoint’s local Start Menu and local Desktop are made available from inside the published desktop.
  • Administrator-managed local applications. Use Studio to publish a local application, which is created as a shortcut inside the published desktop. When the shortcut is launched, it is actually running from the endpoint device (reverse seamless) instead of the centralized desktop. If you enable administrator-managed local applications then user-managed local applications are disabled.
  • URL Redirection. Administrators define some URLs that should be opened in a local endpoint browser instead of a VDA browser, and then display the local browser inside the published desktop (reverse seamless).

Local App Access requires Platinum Licensing.

Do the following to configure Local App Access:

  1. In a Citrix Policy that applies to the VDAs, enable the Allow local app access policy setting. It’s in the Computer Half.
  2. The URL redirection black list setting lets you define a list of URLs that should be opened on the endpoint’s browser instead of the VDA browser. Alternatively, you can instead configure Bidirectional Content Redirection.
  3. On the Endpoints, install Receiver using the ALLOW_CLIENTHOSTEDAPPSURL=1 switch. Feel to add /includeSSON too. Run the installer from an elevated (Administrator) command prompt. This switch automatically enables both Local App Access and URL Redirection. Note: the URL Redirection code does not install on VDAs so URL Redirection might not work if your endpoint has VDA software for Remote PC.
  4. After installation of Receiver, launch Internet Explorer. You should see a prompt to enable the Citrix URL-Redirection Helper add-on.
  5. You can also go to Tools > Manage Add-ons to verify the Browser Helper Object.
  6. By default, Local App Access redirects the endpoint’s Start Menu and Desktop. You can control which folders are redirected by editing the endpoint’s registry at HKCU\Software\Citrix\ICA Client\CHS. You might have to create the CHS key. Create the Multi-String Values named ProgramsFolders and DesktopFolders, and point them to folders containing shortcuts that you want to make available from inside the published desktop.

  7. When you connect to a published desktop, by default, there will be a Local Programs folder in the Start Menu containing shortcuts to programs on the endpoint’s Start Menu. These are user-managed shortcuts. Note: Windows 8 and newer only supports one level of Start Menu folders. This means that all local shortcuts are placed into the single Local Programs folder without any subfolders.
  8. On the VDA Desktop there will be a Local Desktop folder containing shortcuts from the endpoint’s desktop. These are user-managed shortcuts.
  9. Note: the following doesn’t seem to work in LTSR 7.15. The VDA seems to overwrite these registry values.
    1. The Local Desktop and Local Programs folders on the VDA can be renamed by editing the VDA’s registry at HKCU\Software\Citrix\Local Access Apps. You might have to create the Local App Access registry key. Create String values ProgramsCHSFolderName and DesktopCHSFolderName as detailed at Citrix Docs.

  10. To enable administrator-managed local applications, login to a machine that has Citrix Studio installed, and edit the registry. Go to HKLM\Software\Wow6432Node\Citrix\DesktopStudio, and create the DWORD value named ClientHostedAppsEnabled, and set it to 1.
  11. When you open Studio, and right-click the Applications node, there is a new entry Add Local App Access Application.

    1. In the Getting Started with Local Access Applications page, click Next.
    2. In the Groups page, select the Delivery Group or Application Group whose published desktop will receive the shortcut, and click Next.
    3. In the Location page, enter the path to the executable. This is the path on the endpoint. Also enter a Working Directory. You can get this information from the properties of the shortcut on the endpoint device. Click Next.
    4. In the Identification page, enter a name for the shortcut, and click Next.
    5. In the Delivery page, these options work as expected. Click Next.
    6. In the Summary page, click Finish.
    7. If you open the Properties of the Local App, there’s a Limit Visibility page.
  12. When you login to the desktop, you’ll see the administrator-managed local application. If any administrator-managed Client Hosted Applications are delivered to the user, then the default Local Programs and Local Desktop folders no longer appear.
  13. To enable URL Redirection, login to the VDA, and run "C:\Program Files (x86)\Citrix\System32\VDARedirector.exe" /regall. This registers the browser helpers.

  14. In Internet Explorer, if you go to Tools > Manage Add-ons, you’ll see the Citrix VDA-URL-Redirection Helper add-on.
  15. From inside the published desktop, if you go to a website on the blacklist, the VDA browser will close and a local browser will open in Reverse Seamless mode. If you then go to a website that is not on the blacklist, the local browser will close and the VDA browser will open again.

Citrix TV – Local App Access in XenDesktop 7

Anonymous Apps

Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops (CVAD) and XenApp 7.6 and newer supports publishing apps to anonymous users. Edit the Delivery Group, and on the Users page, check the box next to Give access to unauthenticated (anonymous) users.

Anonymous Users are managed differently than regular Domain Users. See VDA Anon instructions for adding anon accounts, configuring session timeouts, and configuring local group policy.

Anonymous published apps should show up for all authenticated users. However, you can also create a StoreFront store that does not require any authentication.

Export/Import Published Applications

If your destination CVAD farm is version 2212 or newer with Web Studio, then you can use Citrix’s Automated Configuration Tool to export and import the configuration. See Citrix Docs PoC Guide: Automated Configuration Tool – On-Premises to On-Premises Migration

Links:

Related Topics

Web Interface Load Balancing – NetScaler 10.5

Last Modified: Nov 6, 2020 @ 6:56 am

7 Comments

Navigation

This procedure is only needed if you are running Web Interface instead of StoreFront.

Monitor

  1. On the left, expand Traffic Management, expand Load Balancing, and click Monitors.
  2. On the right, click Add.
  3. Name it Web Interface or similar.
  4. Change the Type drop-down to CITRIX-WEB-INTERFACE.
  5. If you will use SSL to communicate with the Web Interface servers, then scroll down and check the box next to Secure.
  6. Switch to the Special Parameters tab.
  7. In the Site Path field, enter the path of a XenApp Web site (e.g. /Citrix/XenApp/).
    • Make sure you include the slash (/) on the end of the path or else the monitor won’t work.
    • The site path is also case sensitive.
  8. Click Create.

Servers

  1. On the left, expand Traffic Management, expand Load Balancing, and click Servers.
  2. On the right, click Add.
  3. Enter a descriptive server name, usually it matches the actual server name.
  4. Enter the IP address of the server.
  5. Enter comments to describe the server. Click Create.
  6. Continue adding Web Interface servers.

Service Group

  1. On the left, expand Traffic Management, expand Load Balancing, and click Service Groups.

  2. On the right, click Add.
  3. Give the Service Group a descriptive name (e.g. svcgrp-WI-SSL).
  4. Change the Protocol to HTTP or SSL. If the protocol is SSL, ensure the Web Interface Monitor has Secure enabled.
  5. Scroll down and click OK.
  6. On the right, under Advanced, click Members.
  7. Click where it says No Service Group Member.
  8. If you did not create server objects then enter the IP address of a Web Interface Server. If you previously created a server object then change the selection to Server Based and select the server object.
  9. Enter 80 or 443 as the port. Then click Create.

  10. To add more members, click where it says 1 Service Group Member and then click Add. Click Close when done.

  11. On the right, under Advanced, click Monitors.
  12. On the left, in the Monitors section, click where it says No Service Group to Monitor Binding.
  13. Click the arrow next to Click to select.
  14. Select the Web Interface monitor and click OK.
  15. Then click Bind.
  16. To verify if the monitor is working or not, on the left, in the Service Group Members section, click the Service Group Members line.
  17. Highlight a member and click Monitor Details.
  18. The Last Reponse should indicate that Set-Cookie header was found. Click Close twice when done.
  19. Then click Done.

Load Balancing Virtual Server

  1. Create or install a certificate that will be used by the SSL Virtual Server. This certificate must match the DNS name for the load balanced Web Interface servers.
  2. On the left, under Traffic Management > Load Balancing, click Virtual Servers.

  3. On the right click Add.
  4. Name it Web Interface-SSL-LB or similar.
  5. Change the Protocol to SSL.
  6. Specify a new internal VIP.
  7. Enter 443 as the Port.
  8. Click OK.
  9. On the left, in the Services and Service Groups section, click where it says No Load Balancing Virtual Server ServiceGroup Binding.
  10. Click the arrow next to Click to select.
  11. Select your Web Interface Service Group and click OK.
  12. Click Bind.
  13. Click OK.
  14. Click where it says No Server Certificate.
  15. Click the arrow next to Click to select.
  16. Select the certificate for this Web Interface Load Balancing Virtual Server and click OK.
  17. Click Bind.
  18. Click OK.
  19. On the right, in the Advanced column, click Persistence.
  20. Select SOURCEIP persistence. Note: COOKIEINSERT also works with Web Interface. However, it doesn’t work with StoreFront.
  21. Set the timeout to match the timeout of Web Interface.
  22. The IPv4 Netmask should default to 32 bits.
  23. Click OK.
  24. On the right, in the Advanced column, click SSL Parameters.
  25. If the NetScaler communicates with the Web Interface servers using HTTP (aka SSL Offload), at the top right, check the box next to SSL Redirect. Otherwise the Web Interface page will never display.
  26. Uncheck the box next to SSLv3 and click OK. This removes a security vulnerability.
  27. NetScaler VPX 10.5 build 57 and newer lets you enable TLSv11 and TLSv12. See Citrix Blog – Scoring an A+ at SSLlabs.com with Citrix NetScaler – 2016 update. Click OK.
  28. On the right, in the Advanced column, click SSL Ciphers.
  29. On the left, in the SSL Ciphers section, remove all RC4 ciphers. See Anton van Pelt Make your NetScaler SSL VIPs more secure (Updated) for recommended ciphers.

    You can also run the following from the command line as described by Heikki Harsunen in Citrix Discussions:
    unbind ssl vserver <oursslvservername> -cipherName DEFAULTbind ssl vserver <oursslvservername> -cipherName TLS1-ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHAbind ssl vserver <oursslvservername> -cipherName TLS1-ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHAbind ssl vserver <oursslvservername> -cipherName TLS1-ECDHE-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHAbind ssl vserver <oursslvservername> -cipherName TLS1-AES-256-CBC-SHAbind ssl vserver <oursslvservername> -cipherName TLS1-AES-128-CBC-SHAbind ssl vserver <oursslvservername> -cipherName TLS1-DHE-RSA-AES-256-CBC-SHAbind ssl vserver <oursslvservername> -cipherName TLS1-DHE-RSA-AES-128-CBC-SHA
  30. Click OK.
  31. Then click Done.
  32. Consider enabling Strict Transport Security by creating a rewrite policy and binding it to this SSL Virtual Server. See Anton van Pelt Make your NetScaler SSL VIPs more secure (Updated).

SSL Redirect – Down vServer Method

If you created an SSL Virtual Server that only listens on SSL 443, users must enter https:// when navigating to the website. To make it easier for the users, create another load balancing Virtual Server on the same VIP that listens on HTTP 80 and then redirects the user’s browser to reconnect on SSL 443.

  1. On the left, under Traffic Management > Load Balancing, click Virtual Servers.

  2. On the right, find the SSL Virtual Server you’ve already created, right-click it and click Add. Doing it this way copies some of the data from the already created Virtual Server.
  3. Change the name to indicate that this new Virtual Server is an SSL Redirect.
  4. Change the Protocol to HTTP on Port 80.
  5. The IP Address should already be filled in. It must match the original SSL Virtual Server. Click OK.
  6. Don’t select any services. This vServer must intentionally be marked down so the redirect will take effect. Click OK.
  7. On the right, in the Advanced column, click Protection.
  8. In the Redirect URL field, enter the full URL including https://. For example: https://citrix.company.com/Citrix/XenApp. Click OK.
  9. Click Done.
  10. When you view the SSL redirect Virtual Server in the list, it will have a state of DOWN. That’s OK. The Port 80 Virtual Server must be DOWN for the redirect to work.

Delivery Controller 7.6 / LTSR

Last Modified: Nov 7, 2020 @ 6:34 am

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Navigation

Preparation

Citrix Licensing – If you are going to use an existing Citrix Licensing Server, upgrade it to 11.13.1.2 build 16002.

 SQL Databases

  • Citrix blog post Database Sizing Tool for XenDesktop 7 and Bugfix for Database Sizing Tool
  • Citrix article CTX114501 – Supported Databases for Citrix Products
  • There are typically three databases: one for the Site (aka farm), one for Logging (audit log) and one for Monitoring (Director).
    • The monitoring database name must not have any spaces in it. See CTX200325 Database Naming Limitation when Citrix Director Accesses Monitoring Data Using OData APIs
    • If you want Citrix Studio to create the SQL databases automatically, then the person running Studio must be a sysadmin on the SQL instances. No lesser role will work.
    • As an alternative, you can use Citrix Studio to create SQL scripts and then run those scripts on the SQL server. In that case you only need the dbcreator and securityadmin roles.
    • It is possible to create the databases in advance. However, you must use the non-default Latin1_General_100_CI_AS_KS collation. Then use Citrix Studio to configure the database tables.
  • Citrix recommends SQL Mirroring because it has the fastest failover.
    • SQL Mirroring requires two SQL Standard Edition servers and one SQL Express for the witness server.
    • You can setup SQL Mirroring either before installing XenDesktop or after installing XenDesktop. If after, then see Citrix CTX140319 to manually change XenDesktop’s database connection strings How to Migrate XenDesktop Database to New SQL Server.
    • To setup SQL Mirroring, see Rob Cartwright: Configure SQL Mirroring For Use With XenDesktop, XenApp, and PVS Databases.
    • If you try to stretch the mirror across datacenters, the SQL witness must be placed in a third datacenter that has connectivity to the other two datacenters. However, stretching a single XenApp/XenDesktop site/farm and corresponding SQL mirror across datacenters is not recommended.
  • AlwaysOn Availability Groups and SQL Clustering are also supported. However, these features require the much more expensive SQL Enterprise Edition.

 Windows Features

  • Installing Group Policy Management on the Delivery Controller lets you edit GPOs and have access to the Citrix Policies node in the GPO Editor. Or you can install Studio on a different machine that has GPMC installed.
  • vSphere Web Client – if you will connect to vSphere Web Client from the Controller machine, Flash Player is only available for IE if you install the Desktop Experience feature. Or you can use Google Chrome.

 vSphere

Delivery Controller Install

  1. A typical size for the Controller VMs is 2-4 vCPU and 8 GB of RAM.
  2. On two Controllers, install the Delivery Controller software from the XenApp/XenDesktop 7.6 media. Go to the downloaded XenDesktop 7.6 ISO and run AutoSelect.exe.
  3. Click Start next to either XenApp or XenDesktop. The only difference is the product name displayed in the installation wizard.
  4. On the left, click Delivery Controller.
  5. You can install all components on one server or on separate servers. Splitting them out is only necessary in large environments or if you want to share the components (e.g. Licensing, StoreFront, Director) across multiple farms.
  6. In the Features page, uncheck the box next to Install Microsoft SQL Server 2012 SP1 Express and click Next.
  7. In the Summary page, click Install.
  8. In the Installation Successful page, click Finish. Studio will automatically launch.
  9. Ensure the two Controller VMs do not run on the same hypervisor host. Create an anti-affinity rule.

Create Site

There are several methods of creating the databases for XenApp/XenDesktop:

  • If you have sysadmin permissions to SQL, let Citrix Studio create the databases automatically.
  • If you don’t have sysadmin permissions to SQL then do one of the following:
    • Use Citrix Studio to generate SQL scripts and send them to a DBA.
    • Use PowerShell to generate SQL scripts and send them to a DBA.

Database Mirroring

If you are not using database mirroring then skip to the next section.

You can setup SQL Mirroring either before configuring XenDesktop or after configuring XenDesktop.

  • If before, then the empty databases (Site, Logging, Monitoring) must use the Latin1_General_100_CI_AS_KS collation, which is not the default.
  • If SQL Mirroring is already setup then XenDesktop will detect it and set the database connection strings accordingly. Or you can manually change the database connection strings later as detailed at Citrix CTX140319 How to Migrate XenDesktop Database to New SQL Server.
  • If you use Citrix Studio to create SQL scripts that populate the databases, then there will be separate SQL scripts for the Primary and Partner.

To verify mirroring after the XenDesktop configuration has completed, run the PowerShell cmdlet get-configdbconnection and ensure that the Failover Partner has been set in the connection string to the mirror.

 

Use PowerShell to Create SQL Scripts

From Sinisa Sokolic XenDesktop 7.x DB creation with locked SQL Servers: The PowerShell Commands to generate the SQL scripts that create the databases are shown below:

Get-XDDatabaseSchema -SiteName SITENAME -DataStore Site -DatabaseName DBNAME -DatabaseServer DBSERVERNAME -ScriptType FullDatabase > c:\prep\dev_create_site_script.sql

Get-XDDatabaseSchema -SiteName SITENAME -DataStore Logging -DatabaseName DBNAME -DatabaseServer DBSERVERNAME -ScriptType FullDatabase > c:\prep\dev_create_logging_script.sql

Get-XDDatabaseSchema -SiteName SITENAME -DataStore Monitor -DatabaseName DBNAME -DatabaseServer DBSERVERNAME -ScriptType FullDatabase > c:\prep\dev_create_monitor_script.sql

Use Studio to Create the Database

Or use Citrix Studio to create the SQL Scripts:

  1. Launch Citrix Studio. After it loads, click Deliver applications and desktops to your users.
  2. In the Introduction page, select An empty, unconfigured site. This reduces the number of pages in this Setup wizard. The other pages will be configured later.
  3. Enter a Site Name (aka farm name) and click Next. Only administrators see the farm name.
  4. In the Database page, enter the name of the SQL server where the database will be created. Enter a name for the new Database. No spaces in the database name.
  5. If the person running Studio is a sysadmin on the SQL server then you can click Test Connection and click Yes when asked to automatically create the database.
  6. If you are not a sysadmin then click Generate database script.
  7. A folder will open with two scripts. The top script needs to be sent to a DBA.
  8. On the Principal SQL Server, open the query (Script_For_Database…sql).

  9. At the top of the script, is a commented line that creates the database. Either uncomment it or copy it to a second query window and execute it. Or in the case of mirroring, the database is already created so there’s no need to create the database again.
  10. Open the Query menu and click SQLCMD Mode.
  11. Then execute the rest of the script.
  12. If SQLCMD mode was enabled properly then the output should look something like this:
  13. If you have a mirrored database, run the second script on the mirror SQL instance. Make sure SQLCMD mode is enabled.
  14. The person running Citrix Studio must be added to the SQL Server as a SQL Login and granted the public server role.

  15. Back in Citrix Studio, click the Test connection button.
  16. Click Close once the tests have passed. Then click Next.
  17. On the Licensing page, enter the name of the Citrix License Server and click Connect.
  18. If the Certificate Authentication appears, select Connect me and click Confirm.
  19. Then select your license and click Next.
  20. In the Summary page, make your selection for Customer Experience Improvement Program and click Finish.

Verify Database Mirroring

If your database is mirrored, when you run get-brokerdbconnection, you’ll see the Failover Partner in the database connection string.

Second Controller

There are several methods of adding a second Controller to the databases for XenApp/XenDesktop:

  • If you have sysadmin permissions to SQL, let Citrix Studio modify the databases automatically.
  • If you don’t have sysadmin permissions to SQL then do one of the following:
    • Use Citrix Studio to generate SQL scripts and send them to a DBA.
    • Use PowerShell to generate SQL scripts and send them to a DBA.

From Sinisa Sokolic XenDesktop 7.x DB creation with locked SQL Servers: The PowerShell Commands to generate the SQL scripts that add a Controller to the databases are shown below:

Get-XDDatabaseSchema -AdminAddress CONTROLLERNAME-SiteName SITENAME -DataStore Site -DatabaseName DBNAME-DatabaseServer DBSERVERNAME -ScriptType AddController > C:\prep\dev_add_controller_site_script.sql

Get-XDDatabaseSchema -AdminAddress CONTROLLERNAME-SiteName SITENAME -DataStore Logging -DatabaseName DBNAME-DatabaseServer DBSERVERNAME -ScriptType AddController > C:\prep\dev_add_controller_logging_script.sql

Get-XDDatabaseSchema -AdminAddress CONTROLLERNAME-SiteName SITENAME -DataStore Monitor -DatabaseName DBNAME-DatabaseServer DBSERVERNAME -ScriptType AddController > C:\prep\dev_add_controller_monitor_script.sql

Or use Citrix Studio to create the SQL Scripts:

  1. On the 1st Delivery Controller, if desired, delete the default StoreFront store (/Citrix/Store) and recreate it with your desired Store name (e.g. /Citrix/CompanyStore).
  2. On the 2nd Delivery Controller, install XenDesktop as detailed earlier.
  3. After running Studio, click Connect this Delivery Controller to an existing Site.
  4. Enter the name of the first Delivery Controller and click OK.
  5. If you don’t have elevated SQL permissions, click No when asked if you want to update the database automatically.
  6. Click Generate scripts.
  7. A folder will open with two scripts. The top script needs to be sent to a DBA.
  8. On the SQL Server, open the query (Script_For_Database…sql).

  9. Open the Query menu and click SQLCMD Mode.
  10. Then execute the XenDesktop script.
  11. If SQLCMD mode was enabled properly then the output should look something like this:
  12. Back in Citrix Studio, click OK.
  13. In the Studio, under Configuration > Controllers, you should see both controllers.
  14. You can also test the site again if desired.

Delivery Controller Updates

Install the following updates on both Controllers.

The updates detailed below are the same that are included in the Long Term Service Release.

Delivery Controller Hotfixes Update 3

Install Delivery Controller Hotfixes Update 3. If you are upgrading a production installation of multiple Controllers, see Citrix CTX205921 How to Install XenDesktop/XenApp 7.x Controller Hotfixes

  1. Make sure the site is configured (database is created and populated) before installing these updates.
  2. After installing these updates Studio will prompt you to upgrade the database. Coordinate schedules with a DBA before installing these updates. Install the updates on one Controller, upgrade the database, and then install the updates on the remaining Controllers.
  3. On half of the Controllers, install all of the hotfix files. You can delay the reboot until all of them are installed. Don’t install the hotfixes on the remaining Controllers until you’ve used Studio on this Controller to upgrade the database.
  4. Note: if you installed the Controller software in a non-default path, and if UAC is enabled, you will need to run command prompt as administrator and run the MSP files from there. Otherwise the Citrix services will revert to the default path.

  5. Once all of the hotfixes are installed on one Controller, launch Studio.
  6. You’ll be asked if License Server is compatible. Check the box and click Continue.
  7. Choose one of the database upgrade options depending on what your DBA allows you to do.

PowerShell Module 7.6 Hotfix 3

Install XenDesktop PowerShell Module 7.6 Hotfix 3 on all Controllers and Studio machines.


Citrix Studio 7.6 Hotfix 3

Citrix CTX213045 Vulnerability in Citrix Studio Could Result in Insecure Access Policy Configuration – fixed in Citrix Studio 7.6.2000 from XenApp/XenDesktop 7.6 LTSR CU2 (7.6.2000). Use the script at CTX213417 Insecure Access Policy Rules to verify the presence of the vulnerability.  💡

If you’re not concerned about the vulnerability, install Citrix Studio 7.6 Hotfix 3.

Citrix Group Policy Management 2.5 (aka 7.6.300)

Install Citrix Group Policy Management 2.5 (aka 7.6.300) on every machine that has Studio, Director, and/or Microsoft Group Policy Management installed. Download it from XenDesktop Platinum, XenDesktop Enterprise, XenApp Platinum, or XenApp Enterprise, depending on your license.

Director 7.6.300

  1. If Director is installed on the Controller, upgrade it to Director 7.6.300. Download from XenDesktop Platinum, XenDesktop Enterprise, XenApp Platinum, or XenApp Enterprise, depending on your license.

  2. After installing the upgraded Director, run the following command from an elevated command prompt: 
    C:\inetpub\wwwroot\Director\tools\DirectorConfig.exe /upgrade

StoreFront 3.0.1

If StoreFront is installed on the Controller, upgrade it to StoreFront 3.0.1.


Citrix Licensing 11.13.1.2 build 16002

If Citrix Licensing is installed on the Controller, upgrade it to Citrix Licensing 11.13.1.2 build 16002 by running CitrixLicensing.exe.

Studio – Slow Launch

Install Citrix Studio 7.6 Hotfix 3.

From B.J.M. Groenhout at Citrix Discussions: The following adjustments can be made if Desktop Studio (and other Citrix management Consoles) will start slowly:

  • Within Internet Explorer, go to Tools – Internet Options – Tab Advanced – Section Security and uncheck the option Check for publisher’s certificate revocation

After adjustment Desktop Studio (MMC) will be started immediately. Without adjustment it may take some time before Desktop Studio (MMC) is started.

Registry setting (can be deployed using Group Policy Preferences):

  • HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\WinTrust\Trust Providers\Software Publishing
    • “State“=dword:00023e00

Database Maintenance

Split the Databases

Once the site is configured, split the Monitoring and Log data into separate databases.

  1. In Citrix Studio, on the left click the Configuration node.
  2. In the middle, click the Monitoring datastore to highlight it. On the right, click Change Database.
  3. Repeat for the Logging datastore.

 View Logging Database

To view the contents of the Logging Database, in Studio, click the Logging node. On the right is Create Custom Report. See Citrix article CTX138132 Viewing Configuration Logging Data Not Shown for more info.

 Enable Read-Committed Snapshot

The XenDesktop Database can become heavily utilized under load in a large environment. Therefore Citrix recommends enabling the Read_Committed_Snapshot option on the XenDesktop databases to remove contention on the database from read queries. This can improve the interactivity of Studio and Director. It should be noted that this option may increase the load on the tempdb files. See Citrix article CTX137161 How to Enable Read-Committed Snapshot in XenDesktop for configuration instructions.

 Change Database Connection Strings

Sometimes the database connection strings need to be modified:

  • When moving the SQL databases to a different SQL server
  • When enabling mirroring after the databases have already been configured in Studio.

Citrix blog post Updating Database Connection Strings in XenDesktop 7.x has PowerShell scripts to update the database connection strings.

Director Grooming

If XenDesktop is not Platinum Edition then all historical Director data is groomed at 7 days.

For XenDesktop/XenApp Platinum Edition, by default, most of the historical Director data is groomed at 90 days. This can be adjusted up to 367 days by running a PowerShell applet.

  1. On a Delivery Controller, run PowerShell and run asnp Citrix.*

  2. Run Get-MonitorConfiguration to see the current grooming settings.
  3. Run Set-MonitorConfiguration to change the grooming settings.

Studio Administrators

Full Administrators

  1. In the Studio, under Configuration, click the Administrators node. The first time you access the node you’ll see a Welcome page. Feel free to check the box and then click Close.
  2. On the Administrators tab, right-click and click Create Administrator.
  3. In the Administrator and Scope page, specify a group (e.g. Citrix Admins or Help Desk) that will have permissions to Studio and Director. Click Next.
  4. On the Role page, select a role and then click Next. For example:
    • Full Administrator for the Citrix Admins group
    • Help Desk Administrator for the Help Desk group
    • Machine Catalog Administrator for the desktop team
  5. In the Summary page, click Finish.

Help Desk

  1. In the Studio, under Configuration, click the Administrators node. On the Administrators tab, right-click and click Create Administrator.
  2. In the Administrator and Scope page, specify a Help Desk group that will have permissions to Studio and Director. Click Next.
  3. On the Role page, select the Help Desk Administrator role and then click Next.
  4. In the Summary page, click Finish.
  5. When administrators in the Help Desk role log into Director, all they see is this.

    To jazz it up a little, add the Help Desk group to the read-only role.
  6. Right-click the Help Desk Administrator and click Edit Administrator.
  7. Click Add.
  8. In the Scope page, select a scope and click Next.
  9. In the Role page, select Read Only Administrator and click Next.
  10. In the Summary page, click Finish.
  11. Then click OK. Now Director will display the dashboard.

Provisioning Services w/Personal vDisk

From Citrix docs.citrix.com: The Provisioning Services Soap Service account must be added to the Administrator node of Studio and must have the Machine Administrator or higher role. This ensures that the PvD desktops are put into the Preparing state when the Provisioning Services (PVS) vDisk is promoted to production.

vCenter Connection

XenDesktop uses an Active Directory service account to log into vCenter. This account needs specific permissions in vCenter. To facilitate assigning these permissions, create a new vCenter role and assign it to the XenDesktop service account. The permissions should be applied at the datacenter or higher level.

Import vCenter Certificate

If you replaced the certificates on your vCenter server, then skip this section.

If vCenter is using a self-signed certificate, in order for Delivery Controller to trust the vCenter certificate, you must import the vCenter certificate on both Delivery Controllers.

  1. On each Delivery Controller, run mmc.exe. Open the File menu and click Add/Remove Snap-in.
  2. Move the Certificates snap-in to the right by highlighting it and clicking Add.
  3. Select Computer account and click Next.
  4. Select Local computer and click Finish.
  5. Click OK.
  6. After adding the snap-in, right-click the Trusted People node, expand All Tasks and click Import.
  7. In the Welcome to the Certificate Import Wizard page, click Next.
  8. In the File to Import page, browse to \\vcenter01\c$\ProgramData\VMware\VMware VirtualCenter\SSL and select crt. Click Next.
  9. In the Certificate Store page, click Next.
  10. In the Completing the Certificate Import Wizard page, click Finish.
  11. Click OK to acknowledge that the import was successful.
  12. Repeat these steps on the second Controller. It is important that you do both Controllers before adding the vCenter connection.

Hosting Resources

A Hosting Resource = vCenter + Cluster (Resource Pool) + Storage + Network. When you create a machine catalog, you select a previously defined Hosting Resource and the Cluster, Storage, and Network defined in the Hosting Resource object are automatically selected. If you need some desktops on a different Cluster+Storage+Network then you’ll need to define more Hosting Resources in Studio.

  1. In Studio, expand Configuration and click Hosting. Right-click it and click Add Connection and Resources.
  2. In the Connection page, select VMware vSphere as the Host type.
  3. Enter https://vcenter01.corp.local/sdk as the vCenter URL. The URL must contain the FQDN of the vCenter server. If the vCenter certificate is self-signed, ensure it is added to the Trusted People certificate store on all Delivery Controllers. Ensure the entered URL has /sdk on the end.
  4. Enter credentials of a service account. Click Next.
  5. Enter a name for the hosting resource. Since each hosting resource is a combination of vCenter, Cluster, Network, and Datastore, include those names in this field (e.g. vCenter01-Cluster01-Network01-Datastore01).
  6. In the Cluster page, click Browse and select a cluster or resource pool.
  7. Select a network and click Next.
  8. On the Storage page, select a datastore for the virtual machines.
  9. If desired, change the selection for personal vDisk to use a different storage. Click Next.
  10. In the Summary page, click Finish.

Citrix Director

Director on Standalone Server

If you are installing Director 7.6.300 on a standalone server, see Citrix CTX142260 Installing or Upgrading to Citrix Director 7.6.200

  1. If you intend to install Director on a standalone server, start with running AutoSelect.exe from the XenApp/XenDesktop 7.6 media.
  2. On the right, click Citrix Director.
  3. It will ask you for the location of one Controller in the farm. Then finish the installation wizard.
  4. Then upgrade it to Director 7.6.300. Director 7.6.300 is contained in the Framehawk components from XenApp/XenDesktop 7.6 Feature Pack 2. Download Framehawk from XenApp Platinum, XenApp Enterprise, XenDesktop Platinum, or XenDesktop Enterprise, depending on your license.

  5. After installing the upgrade, run the following command from an elevated command prompt: 
    C:\inetpub\wwwroot\Director\tools\DirectorConfig.exe /upgrade

  6. Also install Citrix Group Policy Management 2.5 (aka 7.6.300) on the Director server. Download from XenDesktop Platinum, XenDesktop Enterprise, XenApp Platinum, or XenApp Enterprise, depending on your license.

Director Tweaks

Prepopulate the domain field

From http://www.xenblog.dk/?p=33: On the Controllers having the Director role installed, locate and edit the ‘LogOn.aspx’ file. By default you can find it at “C:\inetpub\wwwroot\Director\Logon.aspx”

In line 328 or line 358 you will have the following. To find the line, search for ID=”Domain”. Note: onblur and onfocus attributes were added in newer versions of Director.

<asp:TextBox ID="Domain" runat="server" CssClass="text-box" onfocus="showIndicator(this);" onblur="hideIndicator(this);"></asp:TextBox>

In the ID=”Domain” element, insert a Text attribute and set it to your domain name. Don’t change or add any other attributes. Save the file.

<asp:TextBox ID="Domain" runat="server" Text="Corp" CssClass="text-box" onfocus="showIndicator(this);" onblur="hideIndicator(this);"></asp:TextBox>

This will prepopulate the domain field text box with your domain name and still allow the user to change it, if that should be required.

Session timeout

By default the idle time session limit of the Director is 245 min. If you wish to change the timeout, here is how to do it.

  1. Log on to the Director Server as an administrator
  2. Open the ‘IIS Manager’
  3. Browse to ‘\Sites\Default Web Site\Director’ in the left hand pane.
  4. Open ‘Session State’ in the right hand pane
  5. Change the ‘Time-out (in minutes)’ value under ‘Cookie Settings’
  6. Click ‘Apply’ in the Actions list

SSL Check

From http://euc.consulting/blog/citrix-desktop-director-2-1: If you are not securing Director with an SSL certificate you will get this error at the logon screen.

To stop this:

  1. Log on to the Director Server as an administrator
  2. Open the ‘IIS Manager’
  3. Browse to ‘\Sites\Default Web Site\Director’ in the left hand pane.
  4. Open ‘Application Settings’ in the right hand pane
  5. Set EnableSslCheck to false.

Disable Activity Manager

From docs.citrix.com: By default, the Activity Manager in Director displays a list of all the running applications and the Windows description in the title bars of any open applications for the user’s session. This information can be viewed by all administrators that have access to the Activity Manager feature in Director. For Delegated Administrator roles, this includes Full administrator, Delivery Group administrator, and Help Desk Administrator.

To protect the privacy of users and the applications they are running, you can disable the Applications tab from listing running applications.

  • On the VDA, modify the registry key located at HKLM\Software\Citrix\Director\TaskManagerDataDisplayed. By default, the key is set to 1. Change the value to 0, which means the information will not be displayed in the Activity Manager.
  • On the server with Director installed, modify the setting that controls the visibility of running applications. By default, the value is true, which allows visibility of running applications in the Applications Change the value to false, which disables visibility. This option affects only the Activity Manager in Director, not the VDA. Modify the value of the following setting:
    UI.TaskManager.EnableApplications = false

Large Active Directory

From CTX133013 Desktop Director User Account Search Process is Slow or Fails: By default, all the Global Catalogs for the Active Directory Forest are searched using Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP). In a large Active Directory environment, this query can take some time or even time out.

  1. In Information Server (IIS) Management, under the Desktop Director site, select Application Settings and add a new value called ActiveDirectory.ForestSearch. Set it to False. This disables searching any domain except the user’s domain and the server’s domain.
  2. To search more domains, add the searchable domain or domains in the ActiveDirectory.Domains field.

Site Groups

From Citrix Blog Post Citrix Director 7.6 Deep-Dive Part 4: Troubleshooting Machines:

If there are a large number of machines, the Director administrator can now configure site groups to perform machine search so that they can narrow down searching for the machine inside a site group. The site groups can be created on the Director server by running the configuration tool via command line by running the command:

C:\inetpub\wwwroot\Director\tools\DirectorConfig.exe /createsitegroups

Then provide a site group name and IP address of the delivery controller of the site to create the site group.

Director – Multiple XenDesktop Sites

  1. Run IIS Manager. You can launch it from Server Manager (Tools menu) or from the Start Menu or by running inetmgr.
  2. On the left, expand Sites, expand Default Web Site, and click Director.
  3. In the middle pane, double-click Application Settings.
  4. Find the entry for AutoDiscoveryAddresses and double-click it.
  5. If Director is installed on a Controller, localhost should already be entered.
  6. Add a comma and the NetBIOS name of one of the controllers in the 2nd XenDesktop Site (farm). Only enter one Controller name. If you have multiple Director servers, you can point each Director server to a different Controller in the 2nd XenDesktop Site (farm).
  7. According to Citrix CTX200543 Desktop Director Access Fails After XenDesktop 7.5 is Upgraded to 7.6, the addresses should be NetBIOS names, not FQDN. Click OK.

Director – Saved Filters

From Scott Osborne and Jarian Gibson at Citrix Discussions: In Director, you can create a filter and save it.

The saved filter is then accessible from the Filters menu structure.

The saved filters are stored on each Director server at C:\Inetpub\wwwroot\Director\UserData. Observations:

  • Each user has their own saved filters.
  • The saved filters are not replicated across Director servers. You can schedule a robocopy script to do this automatically.
  • When upgrading Director, the saved filters are deleted?

Director – Custom and Scheduled Reports

The Monitoring database contains more data than is exposed in Director. To view this data, the Monitoring service has an OData Data Feed that can be queried.

You can use Excel to pull data from the OData Data feed. See Citrix Blog Post – Citrix Director – Analyzing the Monitoring Data by Means of Custom Reports. This particular blog post shows how to use an Excel PivotChart to display the connected Receiver versions.

Or for Linqpad, see Citrix Blog Post – Creating Director Custom reports for Monitoring XenDesktop using Linqpad

Go to Citrix Blog Post Obtain XenDesktop Custom report through Citrix Director and download the tool. Once installed you can create custom reports from within Director.

Citrix Licensing Server

Upgrade

If you installed the Licensing Server that came with XenApp 7.6, upgrade it to 11.13.1.2.

  1. Go to the downloaded Citrix Licensing 11.13.1.2 build 16002 and run CitrixLicensing.exe.
  2. Click Upgrade.
  3. Click Finish.
  4. If you go to Programs and Features, it should now show version 11.1.0.16002.
  5. If you login to the license server web console, on the Administration tab, it shows it as version 11.13.1 build 16002.
  6. You can also view the version in the registry at HKLM\Software\Wow6432Node\Citrix\LicenseServer\Install.

Licensing Server HA using GSLB

From Dane Young – Creating a Bulletproof Citrix Licensing Server Infrastructure using NetScaler Global Server Load Balancing (GSLB) and CtxLicChk.ps1 PowerShell Scripts. Here is a summary of the configuration steps. See the blog post for detailed configuration instructions.

  1. Build two License Servers in each datacenter with identical server names. Since server names are identical, they can’t be domain-joined.
  2. Install identical licenses on all License Servers.
  3. Set the DisableStrictNameChecking registry key on all Citrix Licensing servers.
  4. Synchronize the certificate files located at C:\Program Files (x86)\Citrix\Licensing\WebServicesForLicensing\Apache\conf. They must be identical on all Licensing Servers.
  5. Download CtxLicChk.exe from http://support.citrix.com/article/CTX123935 and place on all Licensing Servers.
  6. Schedule the PowerShell script CtxLicChk.ps1 on all Licensing Servers. Get this script from the blog post linked above.
  7. Configure NetScaler:
    1. Configure GSLB ADNS services.
    2. Add wildcard Load Balancing service for each Citrix Licensing Server.
    3. Configure service TCP monitoring for ports 27000, 7279, 8082, and 8083.
    4. Create Load Balancing Virtual Server for each Licensing Server.
    5. Set one Load Balancing Virtual Server as backup for the other.
    6. Repeat in second datacenter.
    7. Configure GSLB Services and GSLB Monitoring.
    8. Configure GSLB Virtual Servers. Set one GSLB Virtual Server as backup for the other.
  8. Delegate the Citrix Licensing DNS name to the ADNS services on the NetScaler appliances.
  9. Configure Citrix Studio to point to the GSLB-enabled DNS name for Citrix Licensing.

Citrix License Server Monitoring

Citrix Licensing 11.13.1 and newer has historical usage reporting:  💡

  1. Run Citrix Licensing Manager from the Start Menu. Or use a browser to connect to https://MyLicenseServer:8083
  2. Use the drop-down menus to select a license type, select dates, and export to a .csv file.
  3. On the top right is a gear icon where you can set the historical retention period.

http://www.jonathanmedd.net/2011/01/monitor-citrix-license-usage-with-powershell.html.

Lal Mohan – Citrix License Usage Monitoring Using Powershell

Jaroslaw Sobel – Monitoring Citrix Licenses usage – Graphs using WMI, Powershell and RRDtool. This script generates a graph similar to the following:

CtxLicUsage-1d_

Remote Desktop Licensing Server

Install Remote Desktop Licensing Server

Do the following on your XenDesktop Controllers:

  1. In Server Manager, open the Manage menu and click Add Roles and Features.
  2. Click Next until you get to the Server Roles Check the box next to Remote Desktop Services and click Next.
  3. Click Next until you get to the Role Services Check the box next to Remote Desktop Licensing and click Next.
  4. Click Add Features if prompted.
  5. Then finish the wizard to install the role service.

Activate Remote Desktop Licensing

  1. After RD Licensing is installed, in Server Manager, open the Tool menu, expand Terminal Services and click Remote Desktop Licensing Manager.
  2. The tool should find the local server. If it does not, right-click All servers, click Connect and type in the name of the local server. Once the local server can be seen in the list, right-click the server and click Activate Server.
  3. In the Welcome to the Activate Server Wizard page, click Next.
  4. In the Connection Method page, click Next.
  5. In the Company Information page, enter the required information and click Next.
  6. All of the fields on the Company Information page are optional so you do not have to enter anything. Click Next.
  7. In the Completing the Activate Server Wizard page, uncheck the box next to Start Install Licenses Wizard now and click Finish. Since the session hosts will be configured to pull Per User licenses, there is no need to install licenses on the RD Licensing Server.
  8. In RD Licensing Manager, right-click the server and click Review Configuration.
  9. Ensure you have green check marks. If the person installing Remote Desktop Licensing does not have permissions to add the server to the Terminal Server License Servers group in Active Directory, ask a domain admin to do it manually. If you have the proper permissions, click Add to Group.
  10. Click Continue when prompted that you must have Domain Admins privileges.
  11. Click OK when prompted that the computer account has been added.
  12. Click OK to close the window.

Health Check

Andrew Morgan – New Free Tool: Citrix Director Notification Service: The Citrix Director Notification service sits on an edge server as a service (or local to the delivery controller) and periodically checks the health of:

  • Citrix Licensing.
  • Database Connections.
  • Broker Service.
  • Core Services.
  • Hypervisor Connections.

And if any of these items fall out of bounds, an SMTP alert is sent to the mailbox of your choice for action. The tool will also send “All Clear” emails when these items are resolved, ensuring you are aware when the service has resumed a healthy state.

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